Topics 3: Professionalism, Levels/Roles, Socialization

What caused the dramatic decline of diploma nursing programs in the mid 1960s?

-Growth of ADN and BSN programs, a move to the mainstream of higher education

-Inability of hospitals to continue to finance nursing education

-Accreditation standards have made it difficult for diploma programs to attract qualified faculty

-Increasing complexity of health care has required nurses to have greater academic preparation.

ADN programs are based on a model developed by _____________

Mildred Montag

The first BSN program was at the ________________________

University of Minnesota

The ______________ focused on:

-Clinical learning experiences of students

-hospital control of the schools

-desirability of establishing university schools of nursing

-lack of funds specifically for nursing education

-lack of prepared teachers

Goldmark Report

The _________ focused on efforts to recruit men and minorities

Brown Report

The ______________ concluded that baccalaureate education should become the foundation for professional practice

ANA Position Paper

_______________ was a study that identified:

-the need for increased research into both practice and education of nurses

-the report made recommendations in increased research in practice and curriculum development

Lysaught Report

The _______________ affirmed BSN as minimum educational level for professional nursing practice and ADN or diploma as the preparation for technical nursing practice

NLN Position Statement on Nursing Roles

What is the difference between PhD and DNP?

-PhD → research focused & grant funding from federal government

-DNP → practice-focused degree

_______________ is granted by the State Board of Nursing

licensure

____________ recognizes you as an expert in your field (already a nurse)

Certification

-___________ → the granting of authority to practice

-___________ → formal review and approval by a recognized agency of educational degree or certification programs in nursing or nursing related programs

-___________ → the formal recognition of knowledge, skills, and experience demonstrated by the achievment of standards identified by the profession

-___________ → the formal preparation of RNs in bachelor’s degree programs

-licensure → the granting of authority to practice

-accredidation → formal review and approval by a recognized agency of educational degree or certification programs in nursing or nursing related programs

-certification → the formal recognition of knowledge, skills, and experience demonstrated by the achievment of standards identified by the profession

-education → the formal preparation of RNs in bachelor’s degree programs

___________ described two conditions that are part of professional socialization in nursing:

-structural conditions are those in which one’s professional role is shaped by rules

-cultural conditions are those in which traditions, symbols, language, and other idea systems in a socity are at work in shaping how one becomes a fully socialized professional nurse

Lai and Lim

_____________ suggested that distance learning may be used successfully and with adequate socialization

Putefbaugh, Shannon, and Gorton

________________ found that socialization does not occur automatically online in collaborative work and may conflict with distance students’ desire for flexibility and individuals learning

Loisier

______________ described a type of socialization, modeling, which is useful when learning any new behavior

Bandura

Cohen’s Model of Basic Student Socialization:

-Stage I → _____________

-Stage II → _____________

-Stage III → _____________

-Stage IV → ______________

Cohen’s Model of Basic Student Socialization:

-Stage I → unilateral dependence (student unlikely to question or critically analyze concepts)

-Stage II → negativity/independence (students question authority figures; cognitive rebellion)

-Stage III → dependence and mutuality (reasoned appraisal; integration of facts following objecctive testing)

-Stage IV → interdependence (collaborative decision-making; commitment to a professional role)

Benner’s Stages of Nursing Proficiency (Basic Student Socialization in 5 Stages)

1. ________ → has little background and limited practice skills

2. ________ → marginally competent skills and uses theory and principles much of the time

3. ________ → feels competent, organized, plans, and sets goals

4. ________ → views PT holistically, sets priorities, focuses on long-term goals

5. ________ → performs fluidly, grasps PT needs automatically, expertise comes naturally

1. Novice → has little background and limited practice skills

2. Advanced Beginner→ marginally competent skills and uses theory and principles much of the time

3. Competent Practioner → feels competent, organized, plans, and sets goals

4. Proficient Practitioner → views PT holistically, sets priorities, focuses on long-term goals

5. Expert Practitioner → performs fluidly, grasps PT needs automatically, expertise comes naturally

____________ is the feelings of powerlessness and ineffectiveness experienced by new graduates

“Reality Shock”