8.1 : Many Electrons

what is pauli’s exclusion principle

no two electrons can have the same 4 quantum numbers. maximum of 2 electrons in each orbital with opposite spins

what is Z_eff

the nuclear charge an electron actually exoeriences

Z_eff increases from ___ to ___ on periodic table due to increasing nuclear charge.

left; right

the farther from the nucleus an electron is, the higher/lower the Z_eff for that particular electron

lower

what aufbau principle

electrons must fill out lower sublevels first

hunds rule

fill out all orbitals with 1 electrons before doubling them up

draw periodic table with all sublevels

what is a partial diagram/configuration

only highest sub levels are shown

what is a condensed electron configuration

start with noble gas and continue

what are inner electrons

atoms in common with noble gas and any completed d sublevel

what are outer electrons

electrons in the highest n level

what are valence electrons in main group elements

the outer electrons (bold numbers like 1A, 5A, 7A)

are valence electrons and outer electrons the same for main group elements

yes

what are valence electrons for transitional metals

outer electrons and any d sublevel electrons (IF NOT FULL, if d is full, only outer electrons)

what are the exceptions to electron confirguration

Mo, Ag, Cr, Au, Cu

For Ag, Au, Cu the exception is

full d level and half filled s level

For Mo, Cr the exception is

half filled d (as in 1 electron in 5 orbitals) and half filled s