BIO 101 Chapter 7A Obj jc

What are the two types of nucleic acid?

DNA and RNA

What is the 3 prime (3’) end

OH group side

What are the 5 prime (5’) end

Phosphate group side

Which bases in DNA are complimentary

AT, GC

Which bases in RNA are complimentary

AU, GC

Which bases are purines and what is their significance

AG. 2 rings. Keep DNA’s shape uniform

Which bases are pyrimidines and what is their significance

CT. 1 ring. Keep DNA’s shape uniform

What type of bond holds complementary bases together

Hydrogen bonds. 2 for AT. 3 for GC

What is an organism’s genome

All of its genetic instructions

Where are chromosomes and genes

Chromosomes are in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell and genes are on those chromosomes

What is the “central dogma” of biology

DNA > RNA > Protein

What is transcription

A gene’s DNA code is copied into RNA

What is translation

RNA language is read by a ribosome to build a protein

Where does transcription occur in a eukaryotic cell

Nucleus

Where does translation occur in a eukaryotic cell

Cytoplasm

What are the three types of RNA involved in the synthesis of proteins

messengerRNA, ribosomalRNA, transferRNA

What is the function of messengerRNA

Carries the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome

What is the function of ribosomalRNA

Makes up the ribosome and helps assemble the protein

What is the function of transferRNA

Brings the correct amino acids to the ribosome during protein building

What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of sugar

DNA = Deoxy
RNA = Ribose

What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of nucleotide bases

DNA = T
RNA = U
Both have ACG

What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of form

DNA = Double stranded
RNA = Generally single stranded

What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of functions

DNA = genetic information
RNA = a copy of it