Human Antm. Unit 2. vocab

Active Transport

A process that requires energy to move against a concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

A nucleotide composed of an addenine base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups.

Cilia

Hair-like projections that actively flex back and forth to move fluid or mucus across the outside of a cell

Diffusion

The movement of a material from a place where it is concentrated to a place where it is less concentrated

Electrolyte

A substance that dissolves in water into particles with positive and negative charges

Endocrine gland

A gland that secretes its product into the interstitial space

Endocytosis

Process in which a region of a cell membrane forms a pocket into the cell and then pinches off to form membrane-bound sac, or vesicle, inside the cytoplasm

Enzymes

Proteins that speed up specific biological reactions

Exocrine gland

A gland that secretes its product to the outside world

Exocytosis

Process in which a small, membrane-bourd viesicle in the cytoplasm fuses with the cell's membrane to export molecules that were inside the vesicle to the outside.

The process in which cell membranes fuse together and then push debris from the cell vesicles to the outside of the cell.

Glucose

The main form of sugar that circulates in the body

Glycolysis

The breakdown of a glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules

Glycogen

A polymer of glucose found in animals : stored form of glucose

Histology

the study of tissues

Microvilli

Finger-like extensions that increase the surface area of a cell

Passive Transport

A method of transport that does not require any energy