Lecture Notes on Lab Safety Hazards

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Vocabulary flashcards for reviewing chemical and health hazards in the lab.

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20 Terms

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<p>Explosive</p>

Explosive

Any chemical, compound, mixture, or device, the primary or common purpose is to function by explosion.

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<p>Flammables</p>

Flammables

Flammable materials that can vaporize and form flammable mixtures with air when in open containers, when leaks occur, or when heated, or may become flammable with certain catalysts.

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<p>Reactive</p>

Reactive

Properties and physical conditions of a single chemical or mixture that have the potential to generate heat, energy, and gas by-products that have the potential to do harm.

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<p>Pyrophoric</p>

Pyrophoric

Ignite intensely in air

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<p>Organic Peroxides</p>

Organic Peroxides

A class of organic compounds that contain the peroxide functional group (-O-O-). Often highly reactive and can be hazardous due to their tendency to decompose, sometimes violently, under heat, friction, or contamination.

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Emits Flammable Gas

Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases, including those that will emit flammable gases due to moisture in the air.

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<p>Corrosives</p>

Corrosives

A highly reactive substance that causes obvious damage to living tissue or to metal, acting directly by chemically destroying the part (oxidation) or directly by causing inflammation.

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<p>Oxidizers</p>

Oxidizers

A substance that may not be combustible (flammable) itself but may, generally by yielding oxygen, cause or contribute to the combustion of other material.

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<p>Gases Under Pressure</p>

Gases Under Pressure

Gases that can be toxic, flammable, oxidizing, corrosive, inert, or a combination of hazards and may be under a great deal of pressure.

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<p>Acute Toxicity</p>

Acute Toxicity

Describes the adverse effects resulting from a single exposure to a substance.

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<p>Corrosion / Damage</p>

Corrosion / Damage

Changes to the skin tissue or damage to the eye that are not reversible.

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<p>Skin Sensitization</p>

Skin Sensitization

A substance that will induce an allergic response following skin contact.

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<p>Respiratory Sensitization</p>

Respiratory Sensitization

A substance that induces hypersensitivity of the airways following inhalation of the substance.

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<p>Narcotic Effect</p>

Narcotic Effect

Central nervous system depression including narcotic effects in humans such as drowsiness, narcosis, reduced alertness, loss of reflexes, lack of coordination, vertigo.

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<p>Carcinogens</p>

Carcinogens

A chemical substance or a mixture of chemical substances which induce cancer or increase its incidence.

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<p>Mutagens</p>

Mutagens

A substance or agent that causes an increase in the rate of change in genes (sections of the bodies DNA cells), leading to defective cells or cancer.

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<p>Reproductive Toxins</p>

Reproductive Toxins

Includes adverse effects on sexual function and fertility in adult males and females, as well as developmental toxicity in offspring.

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<p>Sensitizer</p>

Sensitizer

A chemical that causes a substantial proportion of exposed people or animals to develop an allergic reaction in normal tissue after repeated exposure to the chemical.

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<p>Target Organ Toxicity</p>

Target Organ Toxicity

Chemicals that can cause adverse effects or disease states manifested in specific organs of the body.

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Asphyxiants/ Aspiration Toxicity

Can cause unconsciousness or death by suffocation.