Social/ Cultural Impact of Colonialism

It was logical that the Asian courts…

should be used as a model for the aesthetics of absolutism

From which kingdom did ambassadors arrive at Versailles?

Autthaya

Pagen

Columbus’ discovery affected the whole European culture and marked a decisive break from the past

Give 2 reasons natives were labelled as pagans

stronger than gentile or barbarian

religiously divided europe could agree pagans were foreign to them

Ryan

The new world was bent to serve the cause of tradition

Why did a sense of otherness serve to bolster intellectualism?

Fears about an other who the ancient fathers hadn’t known about

How did the very act of discovering the America’s change scientific thinking?

Proved experiment is superior to conjecture

How did the commerce in the new world prevent all out war?

Encourages communication between races

Humboldt

simply unthinkable a culture should remain unchanged by the recognition it had lived in ignorance

How do new world discoveries link to confessionalisation

Links confessions by providing a other

Why were natives provided with humanity even though they were pagan

separate from Europe only in chronology

Greco-Roman deities had also believed in more than one God

Who was the term treacherous generally reserved for in earlier volumes?

Spanish conquistadors

Van Groesen

the languages of Christianity and civility… were anything but strictly separated

Why did European find comfort in the devil’s presence abroad?

could assimilate oversea’s belief to their own mental frameworks

Why do the early De bry’s volume praise native eating habits?

They did not eat in excess at a time of famine

Explain the ideological element of colonial cartography

Could use mapping to cast grid over the land they coveted

When Mariners from Dieppe went to Brazil…

they were accompanied by a peintre

Explain how cartography combined cultures

Dieppe cartographer using Iberian charting style with French medieval decoration in court of Henry VIII

Finding there were others wasn’t that surprising but…

they were expected in Asia and Africa

What had Augustine already clarified?

Even the most monstrous races were Adams children so they did have a common human nature

Whose courts were dominated by the question of human nature?

Isabella

Charles V

Phillip II

Who and how was Espinosa keen to get interviews from

Few surviving Guanches

Name 3 positives to come out of Galindo’s work

Denied presence of idols

Stated they welcomed conquistadors

Archaeology suggests they allowed invader to teach them skills

Give 2 pieces of evidence of Zuzara about Black slaves

Calls them spirits from the lowest hemisphere

Distressed at sight of families being split up

What are the two strands of the overall image of the Africans?

Exotic and wealthy courts

Poor, dust blown villages

Who were the Africans believed to have descended from?

Noahs son, Ham

make 2 important notes about King Budomel’s court

very mobile

wives and concubines in each village

How does De Mosco describe the Africans

lascivious

Abulafia

Elsewhere in the world, more primitive native peoples posed a more persistent problem

Which 2 groups of people did Columbus distinguish between

Taino

Caribs

Explain the significance of the cloth trade with the caribs

given cloths to use as cloths suggesting their nakedness is more threatening

how does columbus describe the Caribs?

a people without fear, unlike those of the other islands,

What is the key nuance in this question?

Extent to which racial thinking was a concept

What is the link between religion and language?

believed the indigenous people were speaking babble

Where did the Spanish concept of purity of blood originate from?

Discrimination in the inquisition

De Agosta

Message of christianity had been lost because it had to travel from Asia through Alaska

Who were the 2 debators in the Valladolid debate

De Casas

Sepulveda

What was the Dominican approach?

didn’t believe in forced conversion