anatomy stuff

orbital region

made up of face around eye and lacrimal apparatus

eyelids

protects eyes and spreads lacrimal fluid

lacrimal apparatus (what does it consist of)

lacrimal gland, lacrimal canaliculi, and nasolacrimal duct

three layers to the eye

fibrous layer, vascular layer, inner layer

sclera

inside fibrous layer, tough opaque part of the eye.

provides attachment site for intrinsic and extrinsic muscles

cornea

inside fibrous layer, transparent part of eye with six layers

choroid

vascular layer, is the blood supply to the eye and has many blood vessels inside; absorbs light to prevent it from scattering

ciliary body

,consists of ciliary muscles, ciliary processes, and ciliary zonule

iris

colored part of eyes, pupil inside

pupil

made up of sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae

accomodation

changing of the lens and pupil size to ensure images converge on the same place in the retina

ciliary muscle

shape of lens is controlled by

Retina

contains rods and cones (photoreceptors), bipolar cells and ganglion cells. prevents light from scattering

cones

process bright light, color vision, one cone per ganglia

rods

process dim light, preipheral vision, many rods converge on one ganglia

cones and rods function

contain photopigments that cause a chemical change when light hits them, causing impulses to be sent to the optic nerve

VI(abducens), moves eye laterally

lateral rectus muscle (action and cranial nerve)

III (oculomotor), moves eye medially

medial rectus muscle (action and cranial nerve)

III(oculomotor), elevates eye and turns it medially

superior rectus muscle (action and cranial nerve)

III(oculomotor), depresses eye and turns it medially

inferior rectus muscle (action and cranial nerve)

III(oculomotor), elevates eye and turns it laterally

inferior oblique muscle (action and cranial nerve)

IV(trochlear), depresses eye and turns it laterally

superior oblique muscle (action and cranial nerve)

meyer’s loop

temporal radiations - fibers that relay information from the contralateral superior visual field

Baum’s loop

parietal radiations - fibers that carry information from the contralateral inferior visual field

lateral geniculate body

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most fibers of optic tract terminate in the