Week 10 - Peri Implant Health and Diseases & Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease

dental implant

nonbiologic device surgically inserted into jawbone to replace tooth or provide support for multiunit prosthesis

implant body

the root of the implant that is surgically placed into the alveolar bone; made of titanium or titanium alloy

abutment

titanium post that attaches to the implant body - protrudes partially or fully through the gingival tissue, supports crown or denture, biocompatible in the body

implant to epithelial tissue interface

epithelium adapts to abutment post or implant, creating cuff-like perimucosal seal (biological seal) - functions as barrier between implant and oral cavity; sulcus lined by sulcular epithelium and JE surrounds implant abutment or collar

implant to connective tissue interface

implant surface lacks cementum; gingival fibers and periodontal ligament cannot insert into the titanium surface; periodontal pathogens can destroy bone faster along a dental implant than a natural tooth

osseointegration

direct contact of living one with surface of implant body; major requirement for implant success

peri-implant mucositis, perio-implantitis

what are 2 forms of peri-implant disease?

peri-implant mucositis

aka perio-implant gingivitis; plaque induced gingivitis in tissues surrounding the implant

perio-implantitis

periodontitis in tissues surrounding osseointegrated implant resulting in bone loss

every 3 months for 1 year then every 3-6 months

what is the maintenance interval post implantation?

oral health

fundamental component of health and physical well-being; reflects physiologic, social and psychological attributes essential to quality of life; influenced by changing experiences, perceptions, expectations and ability to adapt to circumstances

risk factor

any attribute, characteristic or exposure associated with increased likelihood of developing disease or injury

etiologic factor

any attribute, characteristic or exposure known to cause disease

acquired local risk factors

calculus, overhanging restorations and poorly contoured restorations

anatomic risk factors

malpositioned teeth, root grooves, concavities and furcations

calcium channel blockers, anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants

what are some medications that contribute to gingival enlargement?

biologic equilibrium

physiologic mechanism that functions to maintain state of balance in internal environment of body - homeostasis

periodontal health

state of biologic equilibrium within oral cavity between biofilm bacteria and host; bacterial challenge must be contained at level tolerated by host