micro stains

gram stain primary stain

crystal violet

gram stain decolorization wash

on gram negative cells an acid alc mix

gram counter stain used

safarin

gram positive color

purpleg

gram negative color

pink/red

Negative stain

colors the background

why a negative stain

no heat fixing used to tell cell size

ZN acid fast primary stain

carbolfuchsin

ZN acid fast decolorizer

acid alcohol mix on non-acid fast cells

ZN acid fast counter staind

methylene blue on nonacid fast

K acid fast primary stain

more concentrated carbolfuchsin

K acid fast counterstain

methylene blue or brilliant green

acid fast cell results

red/purple/pink

non acid fast result

blue or green

capsule stain type

negative and acidic stain

capsule stain start

negative stain

capsule is there heat fix

no

capsule final stain used

congo red or nigrosin

capsule postive result

white halo around cell which is capsule

endospore primary stain

malachite green

endospore - what is used to decolor and why

water, malachite green low cell affinity

endospore counterstain

safarin

endospore spore final color

green

what do flagellar stains use to encrust flagella

mordant

monotricous

one flagella

amphitrichous

flagella at both ends

lophotricous

flagella in tufts at end of cell

peritricous

flagella everywhere