Chapter 4 English Derivatives

belligerent

From bellum; hostile and aggressive.

bellicose

From bellum; demonstrating a readiness to fight.

revelry

From bellum; lively and noisy festivities.

duel

From bellum; a contest between two persons.

rebel

From bellum; a person who rises in opposition.

rebellion

From bellum; an act of violent or open resistance.

castle

From castra; a large fortified building or group of buildings.

forecastle

From castra; the upper deck of a ship at the bow, used for crew's quarters.

chateau

From castra; a French term for a large country house or castle.

chatelaine

From castra; a woman who is in charge of a castle or large house.

sedulous

from dolus; showing dedication and diligence in one's tasks.

premium

from praemium; an amount paid as a reward or for insurance.

venom

from venenum; a toxic substance produced by animals such as snakes or spiders.

venomous

from venenum; capable of injecting venom, harmful or malicious in intent.

armature

from armatus; a protective covering or support, typically in electrical or mechanical contexts.

bonus

From bonus; an extra reward or incentive given for a particular achievement.

bonbon

From bonus; a sweet or candy, often chocolate-covered.

boon

From bonus; a benefit or blessing, particularly one that brings happiness.

debonair

From bonus; charming, confident, and elegant in manner.

bounty

From bonus; a generous gift or payment, often as a reward for an act.

adjust

From iustus; to change or modify to achieve a desired fit or condition.

unjust

From iustus; lacking fairness or justice in action or outcome.

injustice

From iustus; a situation where fairness is not upheld or wrongs are committed.

justification

From iustus; a reason or explanation that shows something to be right or reasonable.

magnanimous

From magnus; generous or forgiving, especially towards a rival or less powerful person.

magnificent

From magnus; impressively beautiful, elaborate, or extravagant.

magnate

From magnus; a wealthy and influential person, especially in business.

magnitude

From magnus; the great size or extent of something.

magnify

From magnus; to make something appear larger than it is, especially with a lens.

malediction

From malus; a curse or the utterance of a curse.

malady

From malus; a disease or ailment.

malevolent

From malus; having or showing a wish to do evil to others.

malignant

From malus; very virulent or infectious, often referring to a harmful tumor.

dismal

From malus; depressing, dreary, or causing a mood of gloom.

Maleficent

From malus; a fictional character known for her evil deeds.

malice

From malus; the intention or desire to do evil or harm.

malnutrition

From malus; a condition resulting from insufficient or unbalanced diet.

malaria

From malus; a disease caused by a parasite transmitted through mosquito bites.

malefactor

From malus; a person who commits a crime or wrongdoing.

malign

From malus; to speak about someone in a spitefully critical manner.

maltreat

From malus; to treat a person or animal cruelly or with violence.

addition

From do; the process of adding something to increase its amount or value.

dative

From do; relating to the grammatical case that typically indicates the indirect object.

dowry

From do; property or money brought by a bride to her husband at marriage.

extradite

From do; to hand over a person accused of a crime to another jurisdiction for trial or punishment.

rent

From do; a payment made periodically to a landlord for the use of property.

tradition

From do; customs or beliefs passed down from generation to generation.

vendor

From do; a person or company offering something for sale.

betray

From do; to reveal or expose someone’s secrets or trust, often for personal gain.

dice

From do; small cubes with numbers on each side, used in games of chance.

edit

From do; to alter or revise a piece of text or video for clarity or correctness.

render

From do; to provide or deliver a service, or to represent or depict artistically.

sacerdotal

From do; relating to priests or the priesthood.

traitor

From do; a person who betrays someone or something, especially their country or cause.

data

From do; facts or figures collected for analysis or reference.

donation

From do; a gift or contribution given to support a cause or organization.

endow

From do; to provide with a quality, ability, or asset.

rendezvous

From do; a meeting at an agreed time and place.

surrender

From do; to give up possession or control to another.

treason

From do; the crime of betraying one’s country, especially by attempting to kill the sovereign or overthrow the government.

adhere

From ad; to stick firmly to a surface or substance.

admonition

From ad; a warning or reprimand about a behavior.

admit

From ad; to allow entry or acknowledge the truth of something.

adjacent

From ad; next to or adjoining something else.

admire

From ad; to regard with respect or warm approval.

adjourn

From ad; to suspend proceedings to a later time or date.

jussive

from iubeo; expressing a command or request.

exit

From ex; to go out or leave a place.

evident

From ex; clearly visible or understood, obvious.

emit

From ex; to send out or give off (such as light, heat, or gas).

evict

From ex; to remove someone from a property, typically through legal means.

exclaim

From ex; to cry out suddenly or passionately.

eject

From ex; to force or throw out, especially from an enclosed space.