Project management week 7

Pre-design – Typical services

• Legal survey \n • Environmental site assessments \n • Geotechnical reports \n • Cost estimating \n • Archeological surveys \n • Financing and accounting \n • Assess permitting and code requirements

Pre-design - Budgeting

• An estimate of the cost of the project will be prepared either by the \n design team or by a separate cost consultant. \n • There are no building plans at this time so the assessment is very high \n level. \n • This is a “Class D” cost estimate and it can vary from -50% to +100% \n of the actual cost. \n • Class D cost estimates are typically based upon a metric specific to \n that occupancy. \n • I.e. Schools use ft2/student, hospitals use $/bed, etc.

Pre-design - programming

• At this stage, approximate floor plans can be prepared by the \n architect. \n • Gives a rough idea of the room layouts, room areas, and occupant flow. \n • Identifies any critical equipment required. I.e. Wood shops, lab \n exhaust systems, elevators, escalators, security systems, etc. \n • Identifies the required environmental conditions – if critical \n • If a room has very specific temperature and humidity requirements they \n would identify this here. If it is a standard office, the engineer will use best \n practices.

Pre-design – Moving forward

• Client has confidence moving forward. They know: \n • Site conditions \n • Permitting path \n • Rough building layout – not floor plans necessarily but at least bubble \n diagram \n • Requirements of the spaces \n • Services \n • Basic cost estimates \n • Code requirements

Schematic design - general

• Fine-tuning of architectural floor plans \n • Functional block plans. \n • Vertical sections showing height \n • CGI sketches/renderings of interior finishes and exterior \n • Massing models \n • Site plans developed to identify incoming services and general site \n impacts \n • Basic description of building systems \n • Mechanical \n • Electrical

Schematic design report - General

• Project understanding – reiterates the predesign decisions \n • Programming \n • Budget \n • Permitting/codes \n • Design process \n • All disciplines \n • Typically identify the relevant codes they must follow (i.e. ASHRAE 62 – 2001, \n ASHRAE 90.1 -2016, etc.)

Schematic design report - Architectural

• Present “parti”s \n • General architectural scheme of the building \n • Provide a “narrative” on the proposed design \n • Basic description of the architectural understanding of the building -how \n many rooms, what type of functionality, site description, etc. \n • Description of architectural systems – walls, roofs, windows, finishes, \n casework, etc. \n • Describes how occupants should feel in the various spaces. \n • Massing \n • Code analysis \n • Phasing (if required)

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Schematic design report - Civil

• Description of site works \n • Paving \n • Parking areas \n • Ditches \n • Grading \n • Description of site services \n • Potable water \n • Sanitary drainage \n • Storm drainage \n • Electrical power \n • Communications

Schematic design report - Structural

• Design loads \n • Snow loads \n • Wind loads \n • Seismic loads \n • Foundation \n • Roofing framing \n • Floor framing \n • Wall framing

Schematic design report - Electrical

• Incoming services \n • Voltage and phase \n • Lighting \n • Telecommunications \n • Security \n • Fire alarm \n • Specialty systems \n • Emergency power

Schematic design report – Mechanical - \n General

• Design conditions \n • Winter and summer design temps \n • Indoor design temps (and humidity if important) \n • Climate zone \n • Elevation \n • Internal load assumptions (lighting, occupant heat production, etc.)

Schematic design report – Mechanical - HVAC

• Ventilation strategy and estimated load (cfm) \n • Heating strategy and estimated load (mbh) \n • Cooling strategy and estimated load (tons) \n • Plant equipment (or 2-3 options) \n • Description (including capacity) – typically no selection \n • Operating temperatures \n • Terminal equipment (or 2-3 options) \n • Description (including capacity) – typically no selection

Schematic design report – Mechanical - \n Plumbing

• Fixture types (commercial vs residential) \n • Piping materials \n • ABS, PVC, or cast iron for drainage and venting \n • Copper or PEX for potable \n • Schedule 40 steel for gas \n • Fixture flowrates \n • Water heater type

Schematic design report - others

• Landscape architects \n • Geotechnical (typically separate)

Schematic design –Mechanical work - general

• Provide estimated loads to civil (STW, SAN, DCW \[combined service\]). \n • Provide estimated electrical loads to electrical. \n • Big equipment i.e. AHUs, pumps, chillers, etc. \n • Emergency power requirements (if any) \n • Complete preliminary heating, cooling, and ventilation load \n calculations. \n • For renovation projects, complete a site survey. \n • Verify record drawings

• Provide estimated size of mechanical room to architectural and \n identify major pieces of equipment \n • Plant equipment \n • Repeated layouts (i.e. typical suite layout)

Design development – Mechanical - General

• Confirm your space requirements have been allowed for. \n • If you see a space is too small, advise the architect ASAP. \n • If you don’t already have it, request the code report.

Elimination

• Remove the hazard

• Remove workers/occupants from the hazardous area.

• Most effective of the safety control mechanisms as the hazard is \n completely removed.

• Not always possible given the design constraints/owner’s \n requirements.

• Elimination may be codified in technical standards.

Substitution

• Substitute a hazardous system component for a more benign version. \n • Particularly prevalent today with refrigerants (steam vs hot water and glycol water)

Engineering controls and administrative \n controls

• Engineering controls \n Locate equipment/hazard away from occupants/workers. \n Provide safety guards/anchors for access. \n • Administrative controls \n • Put policies in place to ensure people do not come into direct contact with \n the hazard.

Managing project safety – hierarchy of design

PPE

• Least effective means of control. \n • Reliant on the user to use \n correctly.

CSA B52 - 2013

Standard used to assess the \n safety of a refrigerant containing \n system.

CSA B52 – 2013

System classification

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Direct

Indirect

Refrigerant classification is based \n on flammability (1, 2, or 3) and \n toxicity (A or B).

BCBC 2018 - Parkades

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Provide 5.74 cfm/ft2