Skin Conditions and diseases pt2

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to various skin conditions and terminology for easier study and understanding.

Nevus

Also known as a birthmark; a malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries.

Nodules

Often referred to as tumors; nodules are smaller bumps caused by conditions like scar tissue or fatty deposits.

Onychomycosis

A fungal infection that produces thick, brittle, discolored nails; the fungus feeds on the keratin in the nails.

Papule

A pimple; a small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus.

Perioral dermatitis

An acne-like condition around the mouth, mainly small clusters of papules caused by toothpaste or facial products.

Pilosebaceous unit

The hair unit that includes the hair follicle and its appendages.

Poikiloderma of Civatte

A skin condition caused by chronic sun exposure, resulting in a reddish-brown hue and a distinct white patch under the chin.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

A hormonal condition impacting women in childbearing years, characterized by various symptoms including abnormal hair growth.

Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation

Darkened pigmentation due to skin injury or healing after an acne lesion has resolved.

Primary lesions

Characterized by flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color or elevations formed by fluid in a cavity.

Pruritus

Persistent itching.

Pseudofolliculitis

Also known as razor bumps; resembles folliculitis but without pus or infection.

Psoriasis

A skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white-silver scales due to overproliferation of skin cells.

Pustule

Raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus.

Retention hyperkeratosis

A hereditary factor in which dead skin cells build up instead of shedding from follicles.

Scale

Flaky skin cells; thin plates of epidermal flakes, dry or oily.

Scar

Light-colored, raised mark on the skin formed after an injury; elevated scars are called hypertrophic.

Sebaceous hyperplasia

Benign lesions frequently seen in oily areas, resulting from an overgrowth of the sebaceous gland.

Seborrhea

Severe oiliness of the skin caused by abnormal secretion from sebaceous glands.

Seborrheic dermatitis

Common form of eczema mainly affecting oily areas, characterized by inflammation, scaling, and/or itching.

Secondary lesions

Changes to the skin that develop as a result of primary lesions.

Skin tag

A small, benign outgrowth of skin that looks like a flap.

Squamous cell carcinoma

A type of skin cancer characterized by scaly, red or pink papules or nodules.

Stasis dermatitis

Chronic inflammatory state in the legs due to poor circulation.

Sensitization

The development of hypersensitivity due to repeated exposure to an allergen.

Vesicle

Small blister or sac containing clear fluid.

Vitiligo

Pigmentation disease characterized by white patches on the skin from lack of pigment cells.

Wheal

Itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction, or stings.

Tinea

Contagious condition caused by fungal infection, not a parasite; characterized by itching, scales, and, sometimes, painful lesions.

Tinea corporis

Also known as ringworm; a contagious infection that forms a ringed, red pattern with elevated edges.

Tinea versicolor

Also called pityriasis versicolor, this fungal condition inhibits melanin production and is not contagious because it is caused by yeast, a normal part of the human skin. It is characterized by white, brown, or salmon-colored flaky patches.

Tubercle

Abnormal rounded, solid lump; larger than a papule.

Tumor

Large nodule; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell multiplication; varies in size, shape, and color.

Ulcer

Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth; a deep erosion; a depression in the skin, normally due to infection or cancer.

Urticaria

Also known as hives; caused by an allergic reaction from the body's histamine production.

Varicose veins

Vascular lesions; dilated and twisted veins, most commonly in the legs.

Vasodilation

Vascular dilation of the blood vessels.

Verruca

Also known as wart; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus; infectious and

Steatoma

Sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum; ranges in size from a pea to an orange; usually appears on the scalp, neck, and back; also called a wen.

Tan

Increase in pigmentation due to melanin production that results from exposure to UV radiation; visible skin damage; melanin is designed to help protect the skin from the sun's UV radiation

Sebaceous filaments

Similar to open comedones, these are mainly solidified impactions of oil without the cell matter.