chapter 1: history of and intro to dental radiology
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43 Terms
what is radiation?
energy carried by waves or streams of particles
what is radiology?
the study of radiation used in medicine to diagnose/treat disease
what is x-radiation?
high energy radiation created when a beam of electrons collides with a metal target inside an x-ray tube
what is an x-ray?
a beam of energy
what do x-rays have the power to do?
penetrate substances and record an image shadow on a receptor
what is radiography?
science of making images by exposing an object to x-radiation
what is a dental radiograph?
a visible photographic record
what produces dental radiographs?
the passage of x-radiation through teeth onto an image receptor
what is an image receptor?
a recording medium
what are examples of an image receptors?
a film, a plate, a sensor
what is an image?
a picture of an object
what is dental radiography?
the production of radiographs of teeth and adjacent structure
what allows for dental radiography?
exposure of film to x-rays
what is a dental radiographer?
someone who positions/exposes/processes x-ray image receptors
are x-radiation and radioactivity the same thing?
no
what does dental radiology assess?
health and disease
why are dental radiographs important?
can detect conditions that are asymptomatic
exams without images limits the clinician to only what they can see/feel
what are some uses of dental radiology?
support/confirm/classify a diagnosis
assessment of changes over time
detects diseases/conditions in mouth
localize lesions
gives real time information
what does dental radiology produce?
radiographs/images, NOT x-rays
who discovered x-rays?
wilhelm conrad roentgen
what did roentgen experiment with before discovering x-rays?
cathode ray
how did roentgen discover x-rays?
noticed screens glow even though they are far from tube, caused by x-rays
what did roentgen do to discover x-rays?
placed objects between the vacuum tube and a photographic plate
what were the results of roentgen’s experiment?
shadowed images were recorded on photographic plate
what did heinrich geissler do?
built first vacuum tube
what did johann wilhelm hittorf do?
used vacuum tube to study fluorescence and discovered cathode rays
what did william crookes do?
redesigned roentgen’s vacuum tube + discovered what cathode rays are
what are cathode rays?
streams of charged particles
what did otto walkhoff do?
made the first dental radiograph
what did WJ morton do?
made the first radiograph using a skull
what did C edmund kells do ?
exposed the first dental radiograph in US to a living person
what did william h rollins do?
developed first dental x-ray unit
what did frank van woert do?
first to use film in intraoral radiography
what did william coolidge do?
developed first hot cathode tube
what technique did c edmund kells introduce?
paralleling technique
what technique did weston price develop?
bisecting technique
what technique did howard riley raper introduce?
bitewing technique
who is the father of modern dental radiography?
f gordon fitzgerald
what technique did f gordon fitzgerald introduce?
long cone paralleling technique
what did hisatugu numata do?
first to expose a panoramic radiograph
what is digital imaging?
instant viewing of radiographs
how are digital images stored?
electronically
what are the benefits of digital imaging?
reduces radiation exposure and chemical waste is reduced