Pronouns & Related Vocabulary – Lecture Review

30 question-and-answer flashcards covering pronoun types, reference skills, sentence ordering practice, and key vocabulary from the lecture notes.

What is the basic purpose of a pronoun in English?

To replace or refer back to a noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.

Give two examples of personal subject pronouns.

I, you, he, she, it, we, they (any two).

Which two personal pronouns are most frequently tested in reading-reference questions?

They and it.

What pronoun would replace “the River Thames” in the sentence: “…and in 1957, ____ was declared biologically dead”?

It.

Do indefinite pronouns such as “everyone” and “everything” take singular or plural verbs?

Singular verbs.

Name four indefinite pronouns that refer to an unspecified person.

Someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, no one/nobody, everyone/everybody.

Which indefinite pronoun is used when choosing between two options: tea or coffee?

Either.

If neither Tom nor Anna accepted help, which indefinite pronoun summarizes this?

Neither.

Provide the indefinite pronoun that means “not any” in a sentence like “_ of the candidates answered correctly.”

None.

Which two indefinite pronouns contrast ‘much’ and ‘many’ in terms of countability?

Much (uncountable) vs. many (countable).

What demonstrative pronoun would you use to refer to plural objects that are far from the speaker?

Those.

Complete the idea: “By doing ____ , we can reduce the pollution caused by burning fossil fuels.”

this (using demonstrative pronoun ‘this’ to refer to the previously mentioned action of using renewable energy).

In the sentence “Refined sugar is added to many processed foods to make them taste better,” what does ‘them’ refer to?

Processed foods.

When a text says, “Most of them are in piles because there are not enough drawers,” what does ‘them’ refer to?

Clothes.

Arrange the sentences logically: (a) It collects data from students… (b) Experts in Israel have created… (c) It analyses their performances… Which order is correct?

b – a – c.

Which word does ‘it’ refer to in: “Rainwater is collected from a roof and sent to a container. Collected rainwater is an excellent source …”?

Rainwater.

What English word means “to obtain or gain something,” listed in the vocabulary table?

Acquire.

Define the noun “self-discipline.”

The ability to control one’s own behavior and stick to goals without external pressure.

What is an “internship”?

A temporary position, often for students, that allows practical experience in a career field.

Explain the phrase “career path.”

The progression or series of jobs and experiences someone follows in their working life.

Give a synonym for ‘hazard.’

Danger or risk.

What does the verb “declare” mean?

To announce or state something officially or publicly.

If something is described as “biologically dead,” what does it lack?

Living organisms or biological activity.

What does the verb ‘convince’ mean?

To persuade someone to believe or do something.

Define the adjective “renewable.”

Able to be replenished naturally and therefore not depleted when used, e.g., solar or wind energy.

What is a “fossil fuel”?

A fuel such as coal, oil, or natural gas formed from ancient organic matter.

Which indefinite pronoun would you use to mean “a small, non-specific quantity” of something uncountable?

A little.

Fill in the blank: “_ of the applicants had strong résumés,” meaning ‘the majority’.

Most.

True or False: The reflexive pronoun for ‘you’ can be either ‘yourself’ or ‘yourselves’ depending on number.

True.

What reflexive pronoun corresponds to ‘it’?

Itself.