Government- Unit 1

3 main components of the U.S government

people, power, policies

The characteristics of a state

Population, territory, government, sovereignty

4 functions of government

Ensure National Security→ guard the territory.

Maintain Order→ must follow the law.

Resolve Conflict→ governments rely on politics, justice system to resolve conflicts.

Provide Services→ clean public spaces are available for the public

Thomas Hobbs

Created the theory of natural law

Eminent Domain

The government pays property owners a fair price for their land

John Locke

Enlightenment thinker; life liberty and property

Jean Rousseau

Gov will always be corrupt and initiate inequality. We are fine without it, the gov has to work for the people

Monarchy

a king or queen will rule with full authority

Dictatorship

one person has the full power

Constitutional Monarchy

king or queen are ceremonial only

Totalitarianism

The government controls jobs, wages, the people

Oligarchy

rule by a small group of people

Theocracy

laws based on religious teachings

Direct Democracy

every individual votes on every issue

Representative Democracy

the people elect representatives to make decisions

3 fundamental ideals of American democracy

liberty, equality, and self-government

Unitary Power

all the power is in the central government

Federal Power

power is shared between the nation, state and cities

Confederal Power

government only has power given to it by the states

Majority Rule

a decision making where more than half of the members make a decision

Compromise

the ability of two groups to give up some of their demand to come to an agreement

Free enterprise

people have the right/ freedom to start a business

Citizen Participation

citizens should be informed, pay taxes, have the right to protest

RGB

very much for women’s rights. Liberal supreme court justice

Gideon v Wainright

everyone is entitled to a lawyer