Trillions of ions arranged in a repeating alternating pattern: Cation-anion-cation-anion-cation-anion…It could be the 3D-shaped structure of ionic bondings or metals.
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Representative particles
The smallest unit in which a substance naturally occurs.
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Mole
The SI unit for amount of substance: The amount of substance that contains the same number of representative particles as there are atoms in 12 g of carbon-12, i.e.,
6\.02 x 1023
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Atom
The representative particle for elements is the ________.
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Molecule
Two or more atoms covalently bonded together (may be same type of atom, e.g., O2, or different types, e.g. H2O).
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Formula unit
The representative particle for ionic compounds is the ________.
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Element
A kind of atom / a substance made entirely from one kind of atom, e.g., silver, or hydrogen.
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Compound
Any substance containing two or more kinds of atom chemically bonded together, e.g water and salt.
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Molecule
The representative particle for molecular compounds and diatomic elements (e.g., O2, H2 and Cl2) is the ________.
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Atom
The building blocks of matter, made of protons, neutrons and electrons.
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6\.02x10^23
Avogadro’s number
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N(A)
The symbol of Avogadro’s number
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x^(5+2)
Multiply the coefficient
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x^(6-5).y^(7-3)
Divide the coefficient
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m = n \* M
Calculating the mass of a substance
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M = n \* m
Calculating the molar mass of a substance
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n = m / M
Calculating the number of mole of a substance
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V = n \* 22.4
Calculating the volume of a gas
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n = V / 22.4
Calculating the number of mole of a gas
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Avogadro’s hypothesis
Amedeo Avogadro suggested that equal volumes of gas, at the same temperture and pressure, contain the same number of particles. In other words, the volume of 1 mole of any gas is always the same.
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22\.4
The molar volume of a gas
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n = N / 6.02x10^23
The calculation of number of moles of the representative particles
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N = n \* 6.02x10^23
The calculation of the number of representative particles
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N \* total number of atom
The calculation of the total number of atom
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(mass of one element in one mole of compound / mass of compound) \* 100%
The calculation of the percent composition of a substance
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