BI 101: Exam 1

The heart is considered what level of organization?

An organ

A group of interbreeding individuals of the same species living in a given area is a (an) ___.

Population

The ___ is the smallest unit of life.

Cell

___ is the ability of an organism to maintain a steady internal environment (within certain limits) even when the external environment changes.

Homeostasis

___ is the study of life.

Biology

In a scientific experiment, the ___ variable is being tested or manipulated (e.g., Fertilizer X from question nine).

Independent

Once we have completed a scientific experiment and completed statistical analyses of the data, we can say that we have proved our hypothesis and it is retained. I could make a minor adjustment to any true/false statement to change the correct response.

False

If a chlorine atom gains an electron, it will have ___.

A negative charge

I set up an experiment to look at the effect of a new fertilizer (Fertilizer X) on plant growth. I set up two groups. One group receives Fertilizer X. Plants in both groups get the same amount of sunlight and water daily. All of the plants are also one species 10 days old. After 30 days, I measure the height of the plants. The group that received Fertilizer X is 16.2 cm in height while the other group is 15.9 cm tall. What is a controlled variable? Be sure you can identify all other variables.

Amount of sunlight

Organisms True Statements

All organisms consist of one or more cells.

All organisms require energy and nutrients.

All organisms can sense and respond to their environment.

All organisms use DNA for growth, development and reproduction.

A ___ forms when two or more substances intermingle but do not chemically bond.

Mixture

If the mass number of an atom is 16, we know that the atom as ___ protons and ___ neutrons.

We cannot answer the question based on the information available.

In a (an) ___ bond, the elements share their electrons equally (e.g., hydrogen gas).

Nonpolar covalent bond

Based on the shell model depicted below, how many vacancies does the carbon atom have in its outer shell?

Four

Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Isotopes are different forms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons (e.g., 14C).

B. A tracer is a detectable substance that may be used in PET scans.

C. Atoms with vacancies in their outer shell tend to give up, acquire or share electrons.

D. The periodic table was created by D. Mendel.

D. The periodic table was created by D. Mendel.

Which bond is the weakest?

Hydrogen

All organisms fit into one of two categories: ___ and ___.

Producers and consumers

In the taxonomic hierarchy, ___ follows class (from broadest to most specific).

Order

The bases of DNA are held together by ___ bonds.

Hydrogen

Sodium and chlorine are joined together chemically via a (an) ___ bond to form sodium chloride.

Ionic

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have these three things in common:

Cytoplasm, a region where DNA is stored and a cell or plasma membrane

Which of the following is not a characteristic of DNA?

Nitrogenous bases adenine, uracil, guanine and cytosine

___ are found in plants as well as some protists like green algae; they function in photosynthesis.

Chloroplasts

Which of the following statements is not true?

The archaeon Thermococcus is a eukaryotic organism.

___ is a protein that is a structural component of bones, ligaments and tendons.

Collagen

The ___ group defines each of the 20 amino acids

R (side chain)

Every cell arises from preexisting cells. This is part of the ___.

Cell theory

Which of the following is not classified as a lipid?

Bicarbonate

Sucrose is a ___ and classified as a ___.

Disaccharide; carbohydrate

___ are specialized vesicles that break down cellular waste and debris using enzymes.

Lysosomes

___ microscopes use two eyepieces and a light source to view specimens.

Compound light

Which of the following statements is not true?

Plasmids, found in bacteria, are used for adherence and protection

___ remain liquid at room temperature and are considered healthier ___.

Unsaturated fats; lipids

If one strand of DNA reads C T A A G T C C A, then what is the correct sequence of the corresponding strand of RNA?

G A U U C A G G U

Nucleic acids are composed of chains of ___.

Nucleotides

___ are cell structures responsible for producing large amounts of ATP (energy)

Mitochondria (plural of mitochondrium)

Waxes are used by some plants to help reduce water loss.

True

___ (a protein in red blood cells) is needed to transport oxygen from the lungs to all cells.

Hemoglobin

Acids release hydrogen ions in a solution causing a (an) increase in pH.

False

___ are involved in the transfer of genetic information from one bacterial cell to another (i.e., one type of reproduction).

Pili