SPDI | Water Supply and Treatment

_{process of liquid’s surface changing to a gas}

Evaporation

_{the process where the water has reach it’s boiling point, and turns it into a water vapor}

Vaporization

_{process where water vapor becomes liquid, the air is cooled to its dew point or it becomes saturated with water vapor that it cannot hold any more water}

Condensation

_{any liquid or solid water that falls to Earth as a result of condensation in the atmosphere. It includes rain, snow, and hail.}

Precipitation

_{The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground}

Canopy Interception

_{The flow of water from the ground surface into the ground. Once infiltrated, the water becomes soil moisture or groundwater.}

Infiltration

_{Water flows vertically through the soil and rocks under the influence of gravity}

Percolation

_{the evaporation of water from plants occurring at the leaves}

Transpiration

_{the sum of all processes by which water moves from the land surface to the atmosphere}

Evapotranspiration

_{the transition from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase}

Sublimation

_{the phase change from gas directly to solid, with no intermediate liquid phase}

Desublimation or Deposition

_{Enumerate the different sources of water}

• Rainfall

• Natural Surface

• Underground Water

_{a container for holding liquids such as water. They are generally used for rainwater catchment and storing rainwater.}

Cistern

_{physical or chemical quality of water conforming to the safety of drinking water}

Acceptability

_{Bacteria that occur only with the presence of oxygen}

Aerobic Bacteria

_{Bacteria that occur even with the absence of oxygen}

Anaerobic Bacteria

_{Secondary/incidental product deriving from manufacturing process of the primary product}

By product

_{The process of adding chlorine for water disinfection}

Chlorination

_{The length of time where water supply is held in direct contact with a treating agent}

Contact Time

_{The theoretical (calculated) time required for a given amount of water or wastewater to pass through a tank at a given rate of flow.}

Detention Time

_{An outflowing of water from, a naturak body of water or fro, sewage treatment facility}

Effluent

_{loss of soluble substances from ores, rock formations or plumbing materials into groundwater.}

Leaching

_{a substance in which other material dissolve to form a solution (i.e., water - universal _________)}

Solvent

_{a cloudiness or haziness of water (or other liquid) caused by individual particles that are too small to be seen without magnification.}

Turbidity

_{Unit of measure for turbidity}

NTU - Nephelometric Turbidity Unit