Topic 13: Chronic Neurological Disorders

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16 Terms

1
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medication used to treat chronic neurologic disorders

cholinesterase inhibitors, anti-Parkinson’s agents, anti-epileptics, phenytoin/carbamazepine/valproic acid/lamotrigine

2
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cholinesterase inhibitor examples

  • neostigmine

  • edrophonium

3
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neostigmine & edrophonium (cholinesterase inhibitors) therapeutic effects

reversal of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents & myasthenia gravis

4
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neostigmine & edrophonium (cholinesterase inhibitors) complications

  • cholinergic crisis

  • increased GI motility/secretions

  • diaphoresis

  • increase salvation

  • bradycardia

  • urinary urgency

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what is cholinergic crisis

excessive muscarinic stimulation & resp depression

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neostigmine & edrophonium (cholinesterase inhibitors) antidote

atropine

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examples of anti-Parkinson’s agents

  • levodopa

  • carbidopa

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what are levodopa & carbidopa used to treat?

parkinson’s

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levodopa & carbidopa (anti-parkin'son’s agents) adverse effects

  • nausea

  • vomiting

  • drowsiness

  • dyskinesias (tics)

  • orthostatic hypotension

  • psychosis

  • discoloration of sweat and urine

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levodopa & carbidopa (anti-parkin'son’s agents) diet

  • eat less protein

  • increase carbs

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examples of anti-epileptics

  • phenytoin

  • carbamazepine

  • valproic acid

  • lamotrigine

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phenytoin (anti-epileptic) adverse effects

  • nystagmus

  • sedation

  • ataxia

  • double vision

  • gingival hyperplasia

  • skin rash

  • dysrhythmias

  • hypotension

  • coarsening of facial features

  • hirsutism

13
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phenytoin (anti-epileptic) interacts with which vitamins

vitamin D (metabolism) & vitamin K (causes bleeding in newborns)

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carbamazepine (anti-epileptic)

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phenytoin (anti-epileptic) nursing considerations

  • monitor therapeutic levels

  • can cause decreased effects of oral contraceptives

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carbamazepine (anti-epileptic) complications

  • nystagmus

  • double vision

  • vertigo

  • staggering gair

  • h/a

  • cognitive function minimally impaired

  • leukopenia

  • anemia

  • thrombocytopenia

  • fvo for pt w heart failure

  • dermatitis

  • rash

  • steven-johnson syndrome