Veterinary Practice Management - Pet Associated Illness

66%

What percent of U.S. households have pets?

1. Decreased blood pressure

2. Lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels

3. Decreased anxiety and depression

4. Increased physical activity

5. Increased socialization

What are some of the benefits of pet ownership?

200 diseases and 40 relating to dogs and cats

According to the World Health Organization, there are _____ zoonotic diseases and approximately _____ are directly related to dogs and cats

1. Percutaneous contact through scratches, bites, or skin wounds

2. Inhalation or ingestion of infected bodily secretions or excretions

3. Aerosolized particles

4. Contaminated urine or feces

5. Direct or indirect mucosal contact

6. Ingestion of infected or infested tissues

7. Transmission by shared vectors (an organism that transmits a

pathogen, disease, or parasite from one individual to another)

What are the major routes of transmission for zoonotic diseases?

• Bites

• Contamination of a mucosal surface

• Contamination of an existing wound

• Highest concentration of virus is in saliva and tissues of the nervous system

How does rabies spread?

Salivary gland

Rabies spreads from the brain to the _____

Pasteurella multocida

Anaerobic, gram negative, coccobacilli

Pasteurella multocida

30% of dog bites and 80% of cat bites are contaminated

with this

• Wound management

• Deep culture

• Radiography

• Debridement

• Antimicrobial therapy

• Rabies prophylaxis

What may treatment for a bite wound include?

Rabies and pasteurella multocida

List two diseases spread to humans from bites and saliva

• Bartonella henselae

• Dermatophyte (ringworm)

• Scabies

• Yersinia pestis (plague)

• Tularemia (rabbit fever)

• Toxoplasmosis

List diseases spread to humans from scratches or close physical contact

Bartonella henselae

Gram negative organism responsible for "cat scratch fever"

Cats

Considered the most common mammalian reservoir and vector for human infection of bartonella henselae

• Stomatitis

• Gingivitis

• Lymphadenopathy

• Hyperglobulinemia

List feline disorders associated with Bartonella

Dermatophyte (ringworm)

A zoonotic fungal disease common in kittens

Yersinia pestis

Transmitted to humans by rodent fleas (or infected cats by direct aerosolization) causing the bubonic plague

Francisella tularensis (tularemia) aka "rabbit fever"

Primarily a disease of lagomorphs which can be spread by aerosolization, bites, scratches, and ticks

Cutaneous larva migrans

Visceral larva migrans

Giardia duodenalis

List diseases spread to humans through fecal contamination

Cutaneous larva migrans

Pruritic skin disease caused by hookworm larva

Visceral larva migrans

Condition in which roundworm larvae migrate through the human body causing damage to internal organs

• Human ingestion of contaminated soil

• Consumption of raw or undercooked meat from infected paratenic host

• Direct contamination of food

What can cause visceral larva migrans in humans?

Diarrhea, gas, abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting

What are symptoms of giardia duodenalis in humans?

• Wear gloves when gardening

• Clean household surfaces regularly

• Clean and disinfect area that the pet has access to

• Wash hands frequently and properly

• Prompt removal of feces

• Eliminate any source of standing water

• Do not allow any new animals into the yard or outdoor space

How can people prevent contracting giardia?

Toxoplasmosis (the cat is the only definitive host)

Pregnant women and immunosuppressed people are most

affected by this protozoa

• Brucella canis

• Coxiella burnetii

• Leptospirosis

List diseases spread to humans through infected urine

Leptospirosis

A bacterial disease transmitted through contact with water containing contaminated urine

Vector transmission

Transmitted indirectly to people by mosquitoes, fleas,

lice, mites, tick

Lyme disease

Disease transmitted by the deer tick