NSTP1: Human Rights, Freedom, and Vulnerable Sectors (COMBINED)

Freedom

The ability to exercise your rights without fear of interference from another person or agency.

Freedom of Expression

The ability to express ideas, opinions, and creativity without fear of censorship or reprisal.

• Censorship

• Violence

• Surveillance and Monitoring

What are some threats to freedom of expression?

• Libel Laws - defamation

• Sedition Laws - inciting rebellion against the government

• Anti-terror Laws - inciting violence, terrorism, etc.

What are some laws that relate to freedom of expression?

Freedom of Privacy

It ability to control personal information and to be free from unwanted surveillance, interference, or exposure.

• Surveillance and Monitoring

• Data Breaches

• Interference or invasion of privacy

What are some threats to freedom of privacy?

• Safe Spaces Act

• Data Privacy Act

• Anti-Photo and Video Voyeurism Law

• Writ of Habeas Data

What are some laws that relate to freedom of expression?

Freedom of Belief and Religion

This ability to practice, change, or abstain from any religion or belief system without fear of persecution or discrimination.

• Discrimination

• Extremism

• “Government-created religion

What are some threats to freedom of belief and religion?

Freedom of Autonomy

The ability of individuals to make their own choices and govern their own lives according to their values, preferences, and beliefs.

• Violence

• External Coercion

• Lack of Information

What are some threats to freedom of autonomy?

• Human Trafficking Laws

• Laws relating to duress and undue influence

• Laws relating to government oversight

What are some laws that relate to freedom of autonomy?

• Anti-Rape Law (RA 8353)

• Violence Against Women and Children / Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004 (RA 9262)

• Magna Carte for Women (RA 9710)

What are the laws protecting women?

Anti Rape Law

Republic Act No. 8353

Violence Against Women and Children (VAWC)

Republic Act No. 9262

Magna Carta for Women

Republic Act No. 9710

Child Abuse Act

Republic Act No. 7610

Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006

Republic Act No. 9344 → Republic Act No. 10630

Anti-Online Sexual Abuse or Exploitation of Children (OSAEC) and Anti-Child Sexual Abuse or Exploitation Materials (CSAEM) Act

Republic Act No. 11930

Philippine Act on Crimes Against International Humanitarian Law, Genocide, and Other Crimes Against Humanity

Republic Act No. 9851

The Rights of Internally Displaced Persons of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region Act of 2024

Bangsamoro Parliament passed Bangsamoro Autonomy Act No. 62

Safe spaces Act

Republic Act No. 11313

Comprehensive Anti-Discrimination Ordinance of 2020

Ordinance No. 543-20

Aids Protection Laws

Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act of 2018

Republic Act No. 11166

The Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997 (IPRA)

Republic Act No. 8371

Anti-Child Marriage Law

Republic Act No. 11596

PWD Law / Magna Carta for Disabled Persons

Republic Act No. 7277

Article III - Bill of Rights

• Section 1 - Due Process

• Section 12 - Protection against Torture

• Section 13 - Right to Bail

• Section 19 - Humane Treatment

Persons Deprived of Liberty

Human rights

The rights and freedoms that every human being is entitled with from birth until death

December 10, 1948

When was the declaration of the 30 universal human rights?

in Palais de Chaillot, Paris, France by the United Nations

Where was the declaration of the 30 universal human rights?

• Red-tagging

• Extrajudicial killings

• Police brutality

What are some rights violations?

• “In flagrante delicto” arrests

• “Hot pursuit” arrests

• Re-arrest of escaped prisoners

What are the three types valid warrantless arrests?

Civil and Political Rights (CPR)

These are rights that guarantees people equal social opportunities and equal protection under the law regardless of race, religion, and other personal characteristics.

It is enforced by the law for the purpose of securing the enjoyment of the means of individual happiness. The government cannot interfere with these rights.

Political Rights

These are rights that enable individuals to participate in the affairs of the government, directly or indirectly.

Economic and Social Rights

These are rights that enable people to achieve social and economic development, thereby ensuring them their well-being, happiness, and financial security.

Cultural Rights

These are rights that enable people to participate in culture and the right to sustain said culture, assuring no discrimination in preserving their heritage.

• Right to life

• Right to Political Participation

• Right to Access to Justice

• Equal Right of Men and Women

• Freedom of Movement

• Freedom of Thought, Conscience, and Religion

• Freedom of Peaceful Assembly

What are some examples of Civil and Political Rights (CPR)?

• Right to Work

• Right to Food

• Right to Health

• Right to Housing

• Right to Water

• Right to Education

What are some examples of Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ESCR)?

1987

What year was the Philippine Constitution established?

“walking before”

What is the meaning of preamble from the Latin word praeambulus (prae & ambulare)?

Article III - Bill of Rights

It is the list of the most important rights to the citizens of a country. It serves to limit the power of the government and protects individuals from violations done by the government.

Article IV - Citizenship

A term denoting the membership of a citizen in a political society, which implies reciprocity on both the citizen and state.

Article V - Suffrage

The right and obligation for qualified citizens to vote for officials in elections as well as public questions.

Article VI - Legislative Department

It consists of the Senate and House of Representatives. They have the authority to make laws and repeal them when necessary.

Article VII - Executive Department

The executive power is given to the President to administer laws, carrying them into practical operations and enforcing their due observance.

Article VIII - Judicial Department

This branch of state ensures equal justice under the law and is vested in a Supreme Court, district court, and in other courts by statute. They settle controversies involving rights which are legally demandable and enforceable.

Article IX - Constitutional Commissions

This covers the three independent commissions:

• Civil Service Commission - in charge of human resources (e.g. hiring fit employees/candidates, etc.)

• Commission on Election - in charge of election laws

• Commissions on Audit - audits government revenues

They are made to be independent to protect them partisan politics.

Article XIII (13) - Social Justice and Human Rights

This covers the commitment of the State to protect human rights and promote social justice. An independent office, the Commission on Human Rights (CHR) oversees the protection of human rights and investigation of violations.