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What are the two chambers of the bicameral legislature?

The House of Representatives and the Senate.

How often must Congress perform a population count, also known as the Census?

Every 10 years.

What is the principle established by Baker v. Carr (1962)?

Equal Protection Clause violations when districts are not redistricted fairly.

What did Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) establish regarding congressional districts?

All legislative districts must contain approximately equal numbers of people, establishing the principle of one person, one vote.

What was the significance of Shaw v. Reno (1993)?

Race can be a factor in redistricting but cannot be the sole or predominant factor.

What did the Supreme Court rule in Lamone v. Benisek (2019) regarding gerrymandering?

The Court cannot decide on gerrymandering as it is a political question, not a legal one.

What was the ruling of Dred Scott v. Sandford (1856) concerning slaves?

Slaves were deemed property, not citizens, asserting Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories.

According to Federalist No. 10, what is inevitable in a republic?

Factions are inevitable.

What is the purpose of the Commerce Clause in Article I?

To regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states.

What was the ruling in U.S. v Lopez (1995)?

Gun Free School Zones Act exceeded Congress’ authority under the Commerce Clause.

What is defined as the 'necessary and proper' clause of Congress?

Allows Congress to make laws that are necessary and proper to execute its enumerated powers.

What was established concerning habeas corpus?

You cannot be imprisoned without being told the charges against you.

What is the ruling about ex post facto laws?

Congress cannot pass laws that punish individuals retroactively.

What does the 1st Amendment prohibit regarding religion?

Establishment of a state religion and prevents Congress from prohibiting the free exercise of religion.

What was the outcome of Engel v. Vitale (1962)?

Prohibited state-sponsored recitation of prayer in public schools.

What established the right to counsel for defendants in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)?

The state must provide an attorney for defendants unable to afford one in criminal cases.

What does the 8th Amendment protect against?

Cruel and unusual punishments and excessive bail.

What precedent was set by Roe v. Wade (1973)?

Established a woman’s right to have an abortion under the right to privacy.

What did the 14th Amendment guarantee?

Equal protection under the laws and due process for all persons.

What was ruled in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?

Racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.

What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 aim to do?

Eliminate barriers to voting for African Americans in the South.

What was established by the case of Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)?

Legalization of same-sex marriage nationwide.