OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1 Vocabulary

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering key terms, anatomical terminology, physiological processes, body planes, and imaging modalities from Chapter 1.

Anatomy

The study of the body's structures.

Macroscopic Anatomy

Also known as gross anatomy; a branch of anatomy that examines large, visible body structures.

Microscopic Anatomy

A branch of anatomy that studies structures requiring magnification to be seen.

Regional Anatomy

An approach and branch of anatomy focusing on specific regions or areas of the body.

Systemic Anatomy

An approach and branch of anatomy focusing on specific organ systems.

Physiology

The study of the chemistry and physics of body structures and how they function together.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of stable internal conditions within the human body.

Catabolism

The metabolic process in which larger, complex molecules are broken down into smaller, simpler ones.

Anabolism

The metabolic process in which smaller, simpler molecules are combined into larger, complex substances.

ATP

The primary cellular energy currency in human life.

Negative Feedback

A homeostatic control mechanism that reverses a deviation from a set point.

Positive Feedback

A homeostatic control mechanism that intensifies a change in the body's physiological condition.

Cephalon

Anatomical term referring to the head (cephalic).

Cervicis

Anatomical term referring to the neck (cervical).

Frons

Anatomical term referring to the forehead (frontal).

Cranium

Anatomical term referring to the skull (cranial).

Facies

Anatomical term referring to the face (facial).

Oculus

Anatomical term referring to the eye (orbital or ocular).

Bucca

Anatomical term referring to the cheek (buccal).

Auris

Anatomical term referring to the ear (otic).

Nasus

Anatomical term referring to the nose (nasal).

Oris

Anatomical term referring to the mouth (oral).

Mentis

Anatomical term referring to the chin.

Thorcis

Anatomical term referring to the thorax or chest (thoracic).

Axilla

Anatomical term referring to the armpit.

Brachium

Anatomical term referring to the arm (brachial).

Antecubitis

Anatomical term referring to the front of the elbow (antecubital).

Antebrachium

Anatomical term referring to the forearm (antebrachial).

Carpus

Anatomical term referring to the wrist (carpal).

Pollex

Anatomical term referring to the thumb.

Palma

Anatomical term referring to the palm (palmar).

Patella

Anatomical term referring to the kneecap.

Crus

Anatomical term referring to the leg (crural).

Tarsus

Anatomical term referring to the ankle.

Hallux

Anatomical term referring to the great toe.

Pes

Anatomical term referring to the foot (pedal).

Planta

Anatomical term referring to the sole of the foot.

Gluteus

Anatomical term referring to the buttock (gluteal).

Femur

Anatomical term referring to the thigh (femoral).

Popliteus

Anatomical term referring to the back of the knee (popliteal).

Sura

Anatomical term referring to the calf.

Inguen

Anatomical term referring to the groin (inguinal).

Umbilicus

Anatomical term referring to the navel (umbilical).

Sagittal Plane

A body plane that divides the body vertically into right and left portions.

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

A body plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.

Transverse Plane

A body plane that divides the body horizontally into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

Computed Tomography

A medical imaging modality commonly referred to as CAT or CT scan.

Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI)

A non-invasive medical imaging technique listed under clinical diagnostic imaging tools.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

A medical imaging modality used to observe metabolic processes in the body.

Ultrasonography

A medical imaging modality that uses high-frequency sound waves to generate body images.