Ohio state board test (nails)

Discoloration of the natural nail after artificial nails are applied usually indicates

The nail developed a fungus infection

Onychorrhexis can or can not be treated in a salon?

Yes, it can be treated

Corrugations on the nail

Are buffed with pumice powder

When filing natural nails, use a

180 grit

Onychorrhexis

Split or brittle nails

Onychomycosis

Ringworm/tinea ungium

The nail plate is composed of

Keratin

Leukonychia

White spots or whitish discoloration on the nail

When filing artificial nails, use a

100 grit

The skin under the free edge, attached to the nail is the

Hyponychium

Nail wraps can repair

Split or cracked nails

Splitting of the cuticle can result in

Hangnails(agnails)

The deep fold of the skin in which the root is lodged is called the

Mantle

helpful when manicuring a client with ridges

A filler with polish

Onychophagy

Bitten nails

Is caused when the cuticle is pushed back too far

Matrix damage

Pterygium

Forward & adhering cuticle at the base of the nail

Onychosis

Any nail disease

Onychoptosis

Periodic shedding of one or more nails

Cutting off living tissue around the nail can result in

Hangnails

The nail originates from the

Matrix

A nail bed with a slightly pink color indicates

A healthy condition

Onychia

Inflammation with pus that affects the matrix

Paranonychia

Infectious & inflammatory condition of the tissue surrounding the nail

Onychophagy

Yes, it can be treated in a salon

You should push back the cuticles

After placing fingers in a finger bowl

When filing fingernails,

File corner to center

the result of filing too deeply into the nail corners

Hangnails or ingrown nails

White spots on the nails

Leukonychia

Bruised nails are a sign of

Blood clots under the nail

The purpose of hand massages is

Make clients hand relaxed and flexible

Uneven growth of the nails can cause

Ridges

Discoloration between the nail plate & artificial nail formerly called "molds" is caused by

Bacteria

most likely for a nail to grown back distorted

When the nail is lost to a disease

part of the nail has actively growing tissue

The matrix

Tinea Pedis is the medical term for

Fungal foot infection

2 characteristics of eggshell nails

Thin nail plate & more flexible

A nail that has ___________ may be manicured as long as there is no sign of an infection

Hypertrophy

Characterization of onychorrhexis

Lengthwise ridges on the nail plate

A nail disease that causes tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate

Nail Psoriasis

When removing old polish, you should avoid

Smearing polish into the cuticle

A bacteria that can cause nail infections when artificial products are applied under unsanitary condtions

Pseudomonas Aeruglonsai

Onychophagy

Bitten nails

Onychocryptosis is known as

Ingrown nails

Onycholysis

Lifting of the nails

Nail fungus first appears as

Yellow discoloration that spreads toward the cuticles

Bacterial infection that affects the tissue surrounding the nail

Paranonychia

Inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from nail bed to the nail plate

Pyogenic Granuloma

Darkening of the fingernails & toenails

Melanonychia

It is not safe to perform services on clients with Eggshell nails

False, it is safe

Parasites are also known as

Fungi

Nail diseases or deformity in general is called

Onychosis

One common symptom shared by onychomadesis & onychia

Shedding of the nail

When filing toenails,

File straight across

The first signs of ringworm on the nail

Whitish patches or yellowish streaks

When applying nail polish,

Apply toward the free edge with light, quick strokes

Poly means

Many

A monomer is one unit called a

Molecule

The liquid portion of acrylic nails is based on -- monomer

Ethyl monomer liquid & polymer powder

A chemical reaction that creates polymers & is also known as curing or hardening is called

Polymerization

A substance that speeds up chemical reactions between monomers & polymers is called

Catalyst

A process that joins together monomers to create very long polymer chains is caled

Chain reaction

The amount of monomer & polymer used to create a bead is called a

Mix ratio

If equal amounts of liquid & powder are used to create a bead, it is called a

Dry bead

If twice as much liquid is used as powder , the bead is called a

Wet bead

-- primer is corrosive to the skin & potentially dangerous to the eyes.

Acid-based

For use with acrylic products, the best brushes are composed of

Sable hare

The areas of the side of the nail plate that grows free of its attachment to the nail fold is called the

Sidewall

UV gel product is held & spread with

UV synthetic brushes

Applying fell over the entire surface of the nail is called the

One color method

The most common UV lamp on the market is a

9 watt

The usually percentage for a tip on a total service tickets is

15%

When planning to open a salon, one of the most important considerations is

Location

Prior to opening a business, contact local authorities regardinng

Business license

Insurance policies help protect salon owners agains

Malpractice lawsuits

Malpractice insurance is purchased by the

Salon owner

The type of ownership In Which stockholders share the profits is called a

Corporation

The largest expense in operating a salon is

Salaries

What percentage of total gross income should be allocated to advertising

3%

The 3 types of salon ownership are individual ownership, partnerships, and

Corporation

The Environment Protection Agency (EPA) in each state registers many different types of --

Disinfectants

There are thousands of different kinds of bacteria, but they are classified into the following two primary types

Pathogenic & nonpathogenic

Pathogenic Bacteria that grow, feed, & shelter on or in another organism are known as

Parasites

Bacteria are one-called microorganisms also known as microbes or

Germs

They bacteria responsible for food & toxic shock syndrome are

Staphylococci

Submicroscopic structures that infect cells of a biological organism are known as

Viruses

Pus-forming bacteria that grow in bunches or clusters are

Staphylococci

An infectious agent smaller than bacteria & capable of replication through taking over the host cells reproduction machinery is known as

Virus

Pathogenic bacteria may produce

Disease

The ability to destroy or resist infections is known as

Immunity

A contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite is

Scabies

The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is caused by

The HIV virus

The process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganisms on non-living surface is called

Disinfection

Completely destroying all microbial life including bacterial spores is called

Sterilization

Pus forming bacteria that grow in curved lines resembling a string of beads are known as

Streptococci

What are the 3 main levels of decontamination?

Sterilization, disinfection, cleaning

-- is a higher level of decontamination that is second to only sterilization

Disinfection

Substances used to kill microbes on contaminated tools & other non living surfaces are

Disinfectants

OSHA stands for

Occupational Safety And Health Administration

What's is a short term for the salon disinfectant known as

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds