3.4 The role of coenzymes in biochemical pathways

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13 Terms

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cofactors

a non-protein molecule or ion that is essential for the normal functioning of some enzymes

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coenzymes

an organic molecule that acts with an enzyme to alter the rate of a reaction

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loaded

the form of coenzymes that can act as electron donors

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unloaded

a form of coenzyme that can act as electron acceptors

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NADH

the loaded form of NAD+ which can donate hydrogen ions and electrons during cellular respiration

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NAD+

the unloaded form of NADH, which can accept hydrogen ions and electrons during cellular respiration

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Coenzyme A

a coenzyme that aids pyruvate decarboxylase during cellular respiration, accepting an acetyl group

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FAD

a coenzyme with a similar function to NAD, accepting hydrogen ions and electrons during cellular respiration

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FADH2

the loaded form of FAD, which can donate hydrogen ions and electrons during cellular respiration

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ATP

adenosine triphosphate; the common source of chemical energy for cells

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ADP

adenosine diphosphate; a coenzyme that accepts a phosphate group to form ATP

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NADPH

the loaded form of NADP+, which can donate hydrogen ions and electrons during photosynthesis

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NADP+

the unloaded from of NADPH, which can accept hydrogen ions and electrons during photosynthesis