AP Psychology - Personality

Carl Jung

________: believed we also have a collective unconscious, a common reservoir of images, or archetypes, derived from our species 'universal experiences.

Carl Rogers

________: believed that people are basically good and are endowed with self- actualizing tendencies.

Unconditional Positive Regard

________: according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person.

Collectivism

________: giving priority to the goals of one's group (often one's extended family or work group) and defining one's identity accordingly.

Albert Bandura

________: The social- cognitive perspective on personality proposed to emphasize the interaction of our traits with our situations.

Reciprocal Determinism

________: the interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment.

Ego

________: Operates on the reality principle seeking to gratify the ids impulses in realistic ways that will bring long term pleasure (mostly conscious /makes peace)

Individualism

________: giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.

False Consensus Effect

________: the tendency to assume that one's own opinions, beliefs, attributes, or behaviors are more widely shared than is actually the case.

Self Concept

________: all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question,"Who am I ?.

Identification

________: The process by which children incorporate their parents values into their developing superegos.

earlier psychosexual stage

Fixation: A lingering focus on pleasure seeking energies at a(n) ________ where conflicts remained unresolved.

Terror Management Theory

________: people feel threatened by their own death and therefore adopt worldviews that allow them to find meaning and worth in their lives.

Abraham Maslow

________: developed a hierarchy of needs to explain human motivation.

Karen Horney

________: She believed that childhood and anxiety triggers our desire for love and security.

Superego

________: The voice of our moral compass that forces the ego to consider the ideal (internalized ideals)

MMPI

Empirically Derived Test: a test (such as the ________) developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups.

Id

________: Operates on the pleasure principle seeking immediate gratification (unconscious energy)

Sigmund

________ Frued: Founder of psychoanalysis and introduced his ideas of the conscious and unconscious; the id, ego, and superego; and psychosexual development.

Narcissism

________: excessive self- love and self- absorption.

Oedipus

________ complex: A boys sexual desire toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father.

Self Actualization

________: according to Maslow, one of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self- esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential.

Defense Mechanisms

________: The egos protective methods of reducing by unconsciously distorting reality.

Spotlight Effect

________: overestimating others 'noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders (as if we presume a spotlight shines on us)

contemporary psychology

Self: in ________, assumed to be the center of personality, the organizer of our thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Unconscious

________: It is a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and motives.

Psychosexual Stages

________: The childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital) during which the ids pleasure- seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones.

Psychoanalysis

________: Frueds theory that childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations influence personality.

Positive Psychology

________: the scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive.