AAFCS 200 COMPOSITE TEXES

Communicating effectively with an older person as a caregiver.

-Remember that they often feel as though they are a burden to the caregiver.

-Positive messages, show desire to help.

-REMINISCING: Should be encouraged by caregivers. To talk about the past is an important part of the aging process.

-it can remind them of their personal resources for dealing with choices, problems, and losses.

-Confidence and Self-Esteem

-If reminiscing stimulates negative memories, it should not be encouraged.

-AL= Will communicate that who they are and what they have accomplished is indeed important.

-Valued, respected, and accepted.

Active listening

Trying to understand what the others are saying and why, identify feelings.

Pensions

are funds paid to retired employees who paid into a pension fund while they were employed.

Social Security

-A federal program under the direction of the SS Administration. Designed to give retired or disabled individuals some source of income.

-Benefits after paying into it as an employee.

Medicare

Federal Program that helps older ppl (65+) in paying their medical bills.

Medicaid

Designed by Federal Govt. as a state program to help those who need and qualify for medical assistance.

-nursing homes

-ppl with limitations in daily activities.

Medical Asepsis

Means free from germs or bacteria that may cause infection.

Class A Fire

Fire started with wood, paper, or trash

Class B Fire

Fire started with gas, grease or other liquid

Class C Fire

Electrical fire

First Degree Burn

Skin Reddened but unbroken

FA: Place under cold Water

Second Degree Burn

Skin Reddened, blisters formed

FA: Place under cold water, cover with a dry sterile dressing.

Third Degree Burn

Skin Partially destroyed

FA: Cover entire area with a dry sterile dressing.

Consumer Product Safety Commission

-Charged to protect the consumers from unreasonable risks associated with consumer products, to assist consumers in voluntary comparative safety of consumer products and more.

-Regulates the production and sale of products that are potentially hazardous, sets safety standards, can ban products that are deemed hazardous to consumers, can seize products from the market.

Consumer Bill of Rights

-The Right to Safety

-The Right to be Informed

-The Right to Choose

-The Right to be Heard

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability (HIPAA)

Creates national standards to protect individuals medical records and other personal heath info.

Progressive Tax

A tax that requires a larger fraction of income as that income increases.

Ex: Income Tax

Regressive Tax

A tax requiring a smaller fraction of income increases, tax is measured against what is spent.

Ex. Sales Tax

Proportional Tax

A tax that requires the same fraction of income from tax payers of all income levels.

Ex: Sales tax

Bankruptcy

-Chapter 13 = 7 years ; Chapter 7 = 10 years

- A federal court procedure that helps consumers and business get rid of their debt and repay their creditors. "liquidation" or "reorganization"

Cash Card

Any electronic payment card that stores cash from various types of payments

Ex: Bank Debit Cards, prepaid debit cards, gift cards, and payroll cards

Chamber of Commerce

A local association to promote and protect the interests of the business community in a particular place.

Better Business Bureau (BBB)

-An organization focused on advancing marketplace trust.

-Using an accredited Business system they rank business, charities, and non-profits.

Federal Trade Comission (FTC)

An agency whose basic responsibility is to help consumers find needed information or locate the appropriate agency to assist them with their problems.

Fair Credit Reporting Act (FACT ACT)

Legislation giving consumers the right to know what information consumer reporting about them to creditors, insurance companies, and employers.

Duopoly

A market situation in which 2 sellers dominate a specific market industry.

Monopoly

One seer controls the supply of a product or service.

Oligopoly

A situation in which few sellers (4 or less) control the majority of a supply or service produced.

Small Claims Court

A legal mechanism available in all states to solve legal problems involving small sums of money.

-A Judge exercises broad powers in this court. HE or she decided the case and there is no jury. Judges ruing may be apealed to a higher court.

Non-durable goods

Are consumption goods purchased by the household sector that generally have a useful satisfaction-providing existence of shorter than a year.

-are about 30% of personal consumption.

Sanitation Of Toys

dipped in a bleach-water solution and allowed to air dry

Immunization

When a very small amount of a particular disease germ is injected into the bloodstream so that the body begins to produce the type of antibodies to fight the germ.

Reporting Child Abuse

You should report any concern to a supervisor in a private setting. Then supervisors should check out the concern and report to the closest social service or CPS agency.

B.F. Skinner

Emphasized that almost all behavior is LEARNED and can be increased by positive consequences and decreased by negative consequences.

Social Learning Theory

New behaviors are earned primarily through observing the behavior of others. Observational learning or Modeling.

Psychoanalytic Theories

Method of learning about mental processes and of treating some mental disorders through the use of techniques association.

Behaviorism

Traditional learning theory that credits environment as primary source of development factors only born with reflexes.

Erik Erickson

Developed theory on specific social tasks that need to emerge for healthy development.

Basic Trust vs. Mistrust (INFANTS)

Infants forms first trusting relationships with caregiver.

Warmth, affection, and consistency of care lead to a positive, secure attachment with primary caregiver. Inadequate care results in fear and mistrust. Since the relationship is the prototype for all others, those with a primarily negative resolution to this stage may struggle with forming close relationships for the rest of their lives.

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (TODDLER)

Toddler begins to push for independence.

If a child is permitted and encouraged to do things for him/herself, a sense of independence or freedom develops. Questioning ones ability and dependence characterize a negative outcome for this stage.

Initiative vs. Guilt (PRESCHOOLER)

This stage occurs during the preschool years of early childhood when children begin exploring their environments, first develop awareness of the different social roles existing around them and experience feelings of either purpose and accomplishment or guilt and inhibition.

Industry vs. Inferiority (SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN)

corresponding to the elementary school years, this stage is crucial in the development of competence or self-confidence. Success in meeting the demands of school and society lead to a sense of "productivity" or self-confidence. Repeated failures lead to feelings of inadequacy and an unwillingness to try new tasks.

Identity vs. Role Confusion (ADOLESCENT)

The critical issue for this stage is the development of a consistent personality or sense of self. The positive outcome involved the ability to answer the questions: "who am i? what will i become?" In contemporary society, this stage often extends into young adulthood as a person typically experiments with many behaviors, roles, and identities before achieving a lasting and satisfying one

Intimacy vs. Isolation (YOUNG ADULT)

The successful young adult, for the first time, can experience true familiarity with others, the sort of acquaintances that makes possible good marriage or a genuine and enduring friendship. The unsuccessful outcome is aloneness and despair. Prior achievement of a consistent sense of self is crucial to a successful resolution of this stage

Genetavity vs. Stagnation (MIDDLE AGE ADULT)

The ability to give of oneself, in the sense of marriage and parenthood as well as work, is the positive outcome of this stage. Selfishness, the inability to give of oneself, is the negative outcome

Ego Integrity vs. Despair (OLDER ADULT)

If the previous 7 crises have been successfully resolved, mature adults develop a sense of virtue. They see their lives as successful and worthwhile. They are proud of their work, their families, and they reap the benefits of a fulfilling life. The unsuccessful resolution is disappointment: a negative appraisal of ones life and the realization that it is too late to start over

Lev Vygotsky

most famous for social development theory (of child cognitive development)

Expressed the importance of social context of development. Children's learning is often promoted through the assistance from adults who help then with the zone of proximal development.

cephalocaudal growth

Body develops from the head downward

Proximodistal Growth

Starts at the center of the body and outward

motor development

The successful control over the movement of different parts of the body.

gross motor skills

physical skills that involve the large muscles, like arm and leg muscles.

fine motor skills

physical skills that involve the small muscles and eye-hand coordination, like finger muscles

IQ test

a test designed to measure intellectual aptitude

Mental age/Physical Age x 100 = IQ

Jean Piaget

Most influential on early childhood education, described how children's thinking is unique in each of the 4 stages.

Schemas ( 1 of 3 components of Piagets theory)

Building blocks of knowledge

Adaptation Process (2 of 3 components of Piagets theory)

The transition from one stage to another

-Equilibrium

-Assimilation

-accommodation

sensorimotor stage (Stage 1: 0-2 years)

-Infant interacts with the world primarily through the senses and actions he or she can perform on objects. They don't have the ability yet to represent objects or people to themselves mentally.

-world is based upon what the infant can see and act upon at the moment.

circular reaction (1 of 3 stages of sensorimotor)

an infant's repetition of a reflexive action that results in a pleasurable experience

object permanence (2 of 3 stages of sensorimotor)

-Infants do not know that An object exist if they cannot, see, feel, hear, smell, or tasted.

-later as memory abilities improve infants begin to develop object permanence

Symbolic thought and Language Development (3of 3 stages of sensorimotor)

They can start separating reality and imagination, symbols, words to represent ideas

Both a social and mental skill involves physical development.

preoperational stage (Stage 2: 2-6 years)

The child can now represent things to himself internally, but he is still focusing his attention on such external characteristics of objects or people as size shape, color and clothing. still uses these features to categorize in groups.

Egocentric still can't think logically, memory is improving, identities and function.

the ability to imagine the mental lives of others (sympathy) emerges

concrete operational stage (Stage 3: 6-12 years)

-Major step forward in the abstractness of thoughts

-Conservation

-think logically but still very concrete,

Classification

The process of grouping things based on their similarities

Ex: building blocks by shape and not just color

conservation

To understand that even though one property of an object changes, other properties stay the same

Ex: OJ in a wide cup to a long cup

Seration

The ability to put things into an order

Ex-large to small

formal operational stage (stage 4: 12+ years)

-Becomes able to think still More abstractly, using deductive logic and approaching decisions and problems with a systematic fashion.

-They can now thunk about ideas as well as objects and imagine objects or events that they have never actually experienced themselves

Enzymes

Substances that help the body digest and use food

short term memory

activated memory that holds a few items briefly, before information is stored or forgotten

long term memory

the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system

solitary play (1st stage)

Up to months of age a child plays alone with toys . No attempts to play with others

parallel play (stage 2)

By 18 months (toddlers)the child plays beside but not with, nearby children. Some watch others as they play some may not pay attention, focused more on toys that the children.

Associative play(stage 3)

3-4 years, occurs when children begin to participate in games or activites together. Increased interest in peers

cooperative play (stage 4)

Seen in middle childhood (5+), in this play children work together to compete against another team.

How to become a certified Interior designer

-Earn a 4 year degree in Interior Design

-NCIDQ Exam

-2 year job/training

Natural Fibers

Classified as either animal or vegetable fibers

Animal: wool and silk

Vegetable: cotton and linen

manufactured fibers

-Obtained by processing raw material or chemical substances.

-at one point during manufacturing the substance used is not fibrous state.

Cellulosic: Rayon, triacetate and acetate

Non-cellulosic: 20 with generic names

Filament Yarns

Are made by twisting together several strands of fiber

-fabric made from these yarn has a smooth lustrous surface.

spun yarns

Produced by twisting many stable fibers together

-fabrics made from these have a fuzzy surface

Single ply yarns

Most fabrics are made from these

primary colors

red, yellow, blue, cant be made by mixing other colors together

secondary colors

orange, green, violet, they are made by mixing equal parts of any 2 primary colors

Teritary

-Are those between the secondary and primary colors on the CW.

-Essential role in harmony

-one primary and one secondary

Ex: yellow-green, blue-green

Hue

The basic color identity or the specific name of a color such as red, blue or green

-does not imply color purity

Value

-The lightness or darkness of a color in reaction to Black or White.

-depends on the amount of light the color reflects

-white added=tint, black added= shade

Tones

Formed by adding both black and white to a hue. Can also be formed by adding some if the colors direct compliment.

Intensity of color

-The degree of brightness, dullness,strength, or weakness of a color.

-describes the degree of purity or strength

intense colors

-bright and clear

-stimulating

-make objects appear larger and closer

Less intense colors

-Dull and grayed,

-calmer effects

-objects seem small and far away.

monochromatic

Contains 2 or more variations of the same hue/color. Includes various shades, intensities and tints of that 1 color.

analogous

-use of colors next to each other on the color wheel

- 3 to 6 colors, 1 color is dominant and the other ones are used in smaller amounts

Complimentary color scheme

Colors opposite each other on the color wheel

split complementary color scheme

a color and two colors on each side of its complement

Triad Color Scheme

Combines THREE colors that are equidistant on the color wheel

accented neutral color scheme

Combines white, gray, black, or beige with ONE other color as an accent

cool colors

blue, green, violet

-give a feeling of restfulness,

-Aka the receding colors

-Dark cool colors tend to make a figure look smaller

warm colors

red, orange, yellow

-They give a feeling of activity and movement.

Aka advancing colors because they make objects appear closer or larger.

Formal balance

-When a design is exactly the same on both sides, orderly feeling

-Symmetrical balance, equal weight on equal sides of central, identical objects

informal balance

asymmetrical, placing different but equivalent designs in wither side of a central point

Proportion

-the relationship of part to each other and to the whole based in the way the space is divided.

-space relationships

Scale

The law of proportion when applied to the size relations of objects used together.

-size relationships