Period 3: 1754–1800

British Imperial Control

Attempts by Britain to reassert control over its colonies led to the creation of a new American republic and struggles over social, political, and economic identity.

White-Indian Conflicts

After the British victory over France, conflicts between white settlers and Native American tribes continued due to trade interests and resistance to encroachment on tribal lands.

Republican Ideals

The belief in republican self-government based on natural rights found expression in works like Thomas Paine’s Common Sense and the Declaration of Independence.

Northwest Ordinance

Enacted by Congress in the 1780s, the Northwest Ordinance aimed to admit new states, promote education, protect property, and restrict slavery in the Northwest Territory.

Republican Motherhood

Enlightenment ideas and women’s roles in the independence movement led to the concept of “republican motherhood,” emphasizing women’s importance in teaching republican values within the family and political culture.