English vocabulary in use advanced unit 79

advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/

to support something publicly

• The group does not _ the use of violence.

• Heart specialists strongly _ low-cholesterol diets.

~ Biện hộ, bào chữa

~ Chủ trương; tán thành, ủng hộ

infer

to reach an opinion or decide that something is true on the basis of information that is available

synonym deduce

• (from something) Much of the meaning must be _ from the context.

• Readers are left to _ the killer’s motives.

• that… It is reasonable to _ that the government knew about these deals.

~ Suy ra, luận ra; kết luận, đưa đến kết luận

complement /ˈkɑːmplɪment/

to add to something in a way that improves it or makes it more attractive

• The excellent menu is _ by a good wine list.

• The team needs players who _ each other.

• The flavours in the dish _ each other perfectly.

overlap

to cover part of the same area of interest, knowledge, responsibility, etc.

• Our jobs _ slightly, which sometimes causes difficulties.

• The language of science _s with that of everyday life.

• The themes of this novel _ those explored by other writers of the period.

empirical

[usually before noun] (formal)

1. ​based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories

   • _ evidence/knowledge/research

   • an _ study

   opposite theoretical

authoritative /əˈθɔːrəteɪtɪv/

1. showing that you expect people to obey and respect you

   • an _ tone of voice

2. ​that you can trust and respect as true and correct

   • the most _ book on the subject

arbitrary /ˈɑːrbɪtreri/

1. (of an action, a decision, a rule, etc.) not seeming to be based on a reason, system or plan and sometimes seeming unfair

   • The choice of players for the team seemed completely _.

   • He makes unpredictable, _ decisions.

2. ​(formal) using power without limits and without considering other people

   • the _ powers of officials

deviate /ˈdiːvieɪt/

(from something) to be different from something; to do something in a different way from what is usual or expected

• The bus had to _ from its usual route because of a road closure.

• He never _ from his original plan.

predominant

1. ​most obvious or easy to notice

   • a _ feature

   • Yellow is the _ colour this spring in the fashion world.

2. ​having more power or influence than others

   synonym dominant

   • a _ culture

   • a way of thinking that is _ in modern social life

append

(to something) to add something to the end of a piece of writing

• Footnotes have been _ to the document.

• The principal has the right to _ comments to the final report.

denote

1. to be a sign of something

synonym indicate

• A very high temperature often _s a serious illness.

2. to mean something

   synonym represent

• In this example ‘X’ _s the time taken and ‘Y’ denotes the distance covered.

• The red triangle _s danger.

• Here ‘family’ _s mother, father and children.

negate

to stop something from having any effect

synonym nullify

• Alcohol _ the effects of the drug.

reside

​+ adv./prep. to live in a particular place

• He returned to Britain in 1939, having _ abroad for many years.

• Their passports do not give them the right to _ in Britain.

converse

the opposite of a fact or statement

• Building new roads increases traffic and the _ is equally true: reducing the number and size of roads means less traffic.

notwithstanding

(formal)

1. ​(also used following the noun it refers to)without being affected by something; despite something

   • _ some major financial problems, the school has had a successful year.

   • The bad weather _, the event was a great success.

somewhat

(rather formal)

1. ​to some degree

   synonym rather

   • _ different/similar

   • I was _ surprised to see him.

whereby

(formal)

1. ​by which; because of which

   • They have introduced a new system _ all employees must undergo regular training.

thereby

(formal)

1. ​used to introduce the result of the action or situation mentioned

   • Regular exercise strengthens the heart, _ reducing the risk of heart attack.