Art Appreciation Quiz - Chapter 11-15

More intimate than Baroque and based in Paris, know the features of Rococo

In the early 18th century, the centralized and grandiose palace-based culture of Baroque France gave way to the much more intimate Rococo culture based in the townhouses of Paris. There, aristocrats and intellectuals gathered for witty conversation in salons featuring delicate colors, sinuous lines, gilded mirrors, elegant furniture, and small paintings and sculptures.

The leading Rococo painter was Antoine Watteau, whose usually small canvases feature light colors and elegant figures in ornate costumes moving gracefully

• pg. 314-329

Know about the independent thinking of the Enlightenment and how it ushered in the Industrial Revolution

A major factor was the Enlightenment, a new way of thinking critically about the world independently of religion and tradition that also helped foster the Industrial Revolution, which began in England in the 1740s. The paintings of Joseph Wright of Derby celebrated the scientific inventions of the Enlightenment era.

• pg. 329

Know how the Enlightenment made knowledge essential

The Enlightenment also made knowledge of ancient Rome essential for the cultured elite, and Europeans and Americans in large numbers undertook a Grand Tour of Italy.

• pg. 329

Know about American William Hogarth, well known in England

Across the Channel, a truly English style of painting emerged with William Hogarth (1697–1764), who satirized with comic zest the lifestyle of the newly prosperous middle class.

• pg. 319

Know about 18th century Neoclassicism and its relationship to Thomas Jefferson and Angelica Kauffman

In the United States, Thomas Jefferson championed Neoclassicism as the official architectural

• pg. 313. 323,326, 329

Know why Napoleon, a fan of ancient Rome, embraced the Neoclassical style

Napoleon embraced the Neoclassical style in order to associate his regime with the empire of ancient Rome.

• pg. 335

Know about feeling vs. reason in Romanticism

The term Romanticism denotes the artistic movement that flourished from 1800 to 1840. Romantic artists gave precedence to feeling and imagination over Enlightenment reason, and explored the exotic, erotic, and fantastic. The

• pg. 335

Know about the country that developed Realism

Realism was a movement that developed in France around midcentury against this backdrop of an increasing emphasis on science.

• pg. 341

Know various reasons that led to revival of the Gothic style

The Houses of Parliament have an exterior veneer and towers that recall English Late Gothic style.

Territorial expansion, the Romantic interest in exotic locales and earlier eras, and nationalistic pride led to the revival in the 19th century of older architectural styles, especially the Gothic, exemplified by London’s Houses of Parliament.

• pg. 349, 355

Know which photo depicts a battlefield in Gettysburg

Harvest of Death

• pg. 353, 355

Know who are the Impressionist painters

Claude Monet

• pg. 359

Know which painting Van Gogh painted in an asylum about the universe

Know how Marx and Darwin impacted Modernism

Marx’s emphasis on social conflict and Darwin’s ideas about evolution were consistent with the growing sense of the world’s impermanence and of a constantly shifting reality, which Baudelaire insisted was the essential characteristic of the modern world and the proper subject of a modernist painter

• pg. 358

Know about 19th century sculptor Rodin

The leading sculptor at the end of the 19th century was Auguste Rodin, who explored Realist themes and the representation of movement. His vision of tormented, writhing figures in Hell connects his work with the Symbolists.

• pg. 372, 375

Know the connection between the Eiffel Tower and Statue of Liberty

Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel created the interior armature for France’s anniversary gift to the United States—the Statue of Liberty—but he designed his signature work, the Eiffel Tower

• pg. 373

Know how cubism is classified

Using the painting’s revolutionary elements as a point of departure, together Braque and Picasso formulated Cubism around 1908 in the belief that the art of painting had to move far beyond the description of visual reality.

• pg. 383

Know about Aaron Douglas and the Harlem Renaissance

The artists and writers who spearheaded this movement aimed to cultivate pride among fellow African Americans by creating art that celebrated the cultural history of their race.

• pg. 390

Know the famous painters from Mexico

Alexander Calderm, Diego Revera, Frida Kahlo, Orozco and Rivera

• pg. 409

Be familiar with Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright achieved international fame. As early as 1940, Mies van der Rohe wrote that the “dynamic impulse from [Wright’s] work invigorated a whole generation.”25 Wright’s influence in Europe was exceptional for any American artist before World War II.

• pg. 408

Be familiar with the characteristics of Salvador Dali’s art

As he described it, in his painting he aimed “to materialize the images of concrete irrationality with the most imperialistic fury of precision... in order that the world of imagination and of concrete irrationality may be as objectively evident... as that of the exterior world of phenomenal reality.”16

• pg. 395