Frames of References/Models

what are frames of references?

frames of thinking for evaluation and interventions (aka how are you approaching a patient)

what are common frames of reference (FOR) in OT?

- sensory integration

- biomechanical

- NDT

- motor learning

- developmental

what is the sensory integration FOR?

how sensory systems interact with the environment

what is the goal in the sensory integration FOR?

participation in activities

what can be done in the sensory integration FOR to improve the interaction between sensory systems and the environment?

can adapt the environment or teach strategies for senses

what are some limitations for the sensory integration FOR?

risk of sensory overload

what is the biomechanical FOR?

focused on the physical body and the functions (addresses physical deficits)

what is the biomechanical FOR based on?

kinesiology and physics

what are the buzzwords for the biomechanical FOR?

ROM, strength, endurance

what are some of the limitations when working with a biomechanical FOR?

can lead to less client-centered care

what is the neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT) FOR?

- used to treat movement impairment in neurological conditions

- skills can be developed

what is the NDT FOR focused on?

neurological injury (moving the body to engage the brain)

what are some limitations of the NDT?

not suitable for all neurological impairments

what is the motor learning FOR?

motor learning describes how children learn movements (repetitive movements)

what are some limitations of the motor learning FOR?

can be highly demanding

what is the developmental FOR based on?

- based in knowledge of human development

- following developmental milestones

what are some limitations to the developmental FOR?

development is not always linear

what are some common models in OT?

- PEO

- MOHO

- occupational adaptation (OA)

what is the PEO model?

- interaction between person, environment, and occupation and how it shapes occupational performance

- function = good fit between PEO

what are some limitations of the PEO model?

lack of assessments/interventions

what is the MOHO model?

the motivation, habits, and performance that drive occupations

what are some limitations of the MOHO model?

time consuming

what is the occupational adaptation (OA) model?

interaction between a person and their environment

what is the driving force in the occupational adaptation (OA) model?

press for mastery (response -> evaluation -> integration)

what are some limitations to the occupational adaptation (OA) model?

not all environments are adaptable