Working conditions + Safety & Health Issues

Poor working conditions

affects job satisfaction, performance, retention of employees

Environmental Psychology

Studies the effect of workplace design on behavior of employees (relationship between ppl and physical env

Env Factors in the Workplace

1. Illumination: If not enough = stress

   • The intensity of light depends on worker (ex. elderly needs more light)

   • lighting should be uniform n not direct

   • glare = eyestrain → causes errors

2. Noise: Interferes w communication

   • High noise = bad for wellbeing, cause stress, maybe even causes miscommunication

3. Color: Can provide a pleasant work env, useful in safety practices (red for emergency, light color walls = open space)

4. Music: kinda helps productivity for monotonous work, can be a distraction for high concentration jobs

5. Temp & Humidity: Uncomfy temp = low productivity

Work Schedules

Longer Working hours = lower productivity

Part-time: for individuals with other responsibilities (mothers, aging, disabled)

4 day work week: 9-10 hours, positive satisfaction

Flextime: system of flexible working hours (mandatory work periods)

Rest breaks: good when short, too often n too long = lower productivity

shift work: day time more productive than night shift

Job Simplification

The process of reducing jobs into simpler components (so unskilled/semi-skilled workers can master the job)

(+) Efficient, cost saving, bcs less training time

(-) Less challenging, lower job satisfaction and quality of work bcs boredom and monotonous

EVEN OLD PEOPLE’S COGNITION DETERIORATE BCS OF IT WAAAA

Psychological and physiological fatigue

Psychological fatigue: similar to boredom

Physiological: excessive use of muscles 💪🏼

Telecommuting

“Remote work”

• Performing office duties in a location outside of the office via socials usually (ex. zoom)

Accident Proneness (“Rawan Kecelakaan”)

Some individuals are more likely to be involved in accidents based on:

• Type of work/industry n hours

• Env factors (lighting, temp)

• Equipment design, safety devices

• Social pressure (causes people to go faster n injure themselves)

Prevention of accidents

• Report accidents properly

• Design of machines must be looked at, ensure safety

• Safety devices must be present

• Proper training to handle machines for employees for ex.

• Support from management

Types of organizational support

Instrumental → Direct help to employee

Informational → Providing info to help w problem (ex. raise awareness)

EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS

Counseling and rehabilitation services for employee problems (such as substance abuse)

3 steps:

1. Education of managers and supervisors

2. Early detection of alcoholic employees

3. Refer them to help

Carpal tunnel syndrome

repetitive motion of hand, causing numbness and tingling

protective exculsion

Practice of restricting specific groups from working dangerous jobs

ex. “Maternal wall” bias where those who are pregnant or have young children, may face assumptions about their commitment to work. They might be seen as less dedicated