SAD Exam 1 VTNE

Which of the following is the most commonly seen cardiovascular disease in the dog?

a. Boxer right ventricular cardiomyopathy

b. Dilated cardiomyopathy

c. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

d. Ventricular septal defect

b. Dilated cardiomyopathy

Which of the following endocrine diseases results in hyponatremia and hyperkalemia in a dog?

a. Hyperadrenocortisicm

b. Hypoadrenocorticism

c. Hyperthyroidism

d. Hypothyroidism

b. Hypoadrenocorticism

Halitosis is an indication of a problem with which of the following body systems?

a. Cardiovascular

b. Digestive

c. Nervous

d. Hematologic

b. Digestive

Which of the following endocrine diseases results in weight loss and a ravenous appetite in cats?

a. Hyperadrenocortisicm

b. Hypoadrenocorticism

c. Hyperthyroidism

d. Hypothyroidism

c. Hyperthyroidism

Which of the following endocrine diseases results in weight gain, bradycardia, exercise intolerance, and lethargy in a dog?

a. Hyperadrenocortisicm

b. Hypoadrenocorticism

c. Hyperthyroidism

d. Hypothyroidism

d. Hypothyroidism

Which of the following conditions is a common sign of heart failure?

a. Tachypnea

b. Bradypnea

c. Tachycardia

d. Bradycardia

a. Tachypnea

The most common presenting sign in a patient with undiagnosed severe hypertension is:

a. Anorexia

b. Cardiomyopathy

c. Blindness

d. Hypothyroidism

c. Blindness

A common clinical sign of saddle thrombus in the cat is:

a. Acute onset of front leg pain and paresis

b. Acute onset of rear leg pain and paresis

c. Bright red footpads

d. Bounding pulse

b. Acute onset of rear leg pain and paresis

The underlying disease for most cases of feline aortic thromboembolism is ___ in origin.

a. Cardiac

b. Hepatic

c. Renal

d. Respiratory

a. Cardiac

What does the presence of petechiae and ecchymoses indicate in a patient?

a. Anemia

b. Coagulation disorder

c. Dehydration

d. Hypertension

b. Coagulation disorder

What does the presence of peripheral edema indicate?

a. Coagulation disorder

b. Hyperproteinemia

c. Hypotension

d. Hypoxia

b. Hyperproteinemia

Deficiencies in iron may result in anemia. Which of these minerals may also cause anemia if it is deficient in a dog's or a cat's diet?

a. Calcium

b. Phosphorus

c. Copper

d. Zinc

c. Copper

Which clotting disorder is stimulated by hypothyroidism?

a. Hemophilia A

b. Von Willebrand disease

c. DIC

d. Toxicity

b. Von Willebrand disease

Hyperkalemia is commonly associated with which endocrine disorder?

a. Diabetes insipidus

b. Hyperthyroidism

c. Hyperparathyroidism

d. Hypoadrenocorticism

d. Hypoadrenocorticism

In what endocrine disorder is polyuria and polydipsia not commonly seen?

a. Hypoadrenocorticism

b. Diabetes insipidus

c. Hyperparathyroidism

d. Diabetes mellitus

c. Hyperparathyroidism

When a medical history of a patient with diarrhea is obtained, it is important to question the owner regarding the duration, severity, frequency, amount, and quality. This information can assist in localizing diarrhea as involving the small or large bowel. Which of these is a common indication of small bowel diarrhea?

a. Decreased volume of feces

b. Mucus in feces

c. Normal frequency of bowel movements

d. Tenesmus

c. Normal frequency of bowel movements

Painful straining at urination or defecation is:

a. Hematochezia

b. Hematuria

c. Melena

d. Tenesmus

d. Tenesmus

What is the underlying cause of icterus?

a. Anemia

b. Hyperbilirubinemia

c. Ketonuria

d. Hyperhemoglobinuria

b. Hyperbilirubinemia

Pancreatitis occurs in both dogs and cats. Which of the following statements is false?

a. Acute pancreatitis is seen more commonly in dogs

b. Chronic pancreatitis is seen more commonly in cats

c. Chronic pancreatitis is often caused by dietary indiscretion

d. Acute pancreatitis is often caused by dietary indiscretion

c. Chronic pancreatitis is often caused by dietary indiscretion

Treatment of acute pancreatitis includes administration of intravenous fluid therapy, analgesics, antiemetics, mucosal protectants, and antibiotics to prevent secondary sepsis. Treatment also includes which of the following?

a. Feeding a low-protein, high fat diet

b. Feeding a bland, low-fat diet

c. Feeding a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet

d. Feeding a diet high in fat and calories

b. Feeding a bland, low-fat diet

What type of anemia is associated with icterus?

a. Responsive

b. Nonresponsive

c. Hemolytic

d. Megaloblastic

c. Hemolytic

With the exception of cats, most animals have a total blood volume equivalent to ______ of their body weight.

a. 7%

b. 15%

c. 25%

d. 40%

a. 7%

Myasthenia graves is commonly associated with:

a. Megaesophagus

b. Exercise intolerance

c. Aspiration pneumonia

d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following is a postpartum complication caused by hypocalcemia?

a. Eclampsia

b. Galactostasis

c. Mastitis

d. Metritis

a. Eclampsia

Signs of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (ITP) include all of the following conditions, except:

a. Petechiae

b. Ecchymoses

c. Thrombocytosis

d. Anemia

c. Thrombocytosis

When the medical history of a patient with diarrhea is obtained, it is important to question the owner regarding the duration, severity, frequency, amount, and quality. This information can assist in localizing diarrhea as involving the small or large bowel. Which of these is a common indication of large bowel diarrhea?

a. Increase volume of feces

b. Mucus in feces

c. Normal frequency of bowel movements

d. Weight loss

b. Mucus in feces

Cats exposed to feline leukemia virus typically respond in any of the following ways, except:

a. Not becoming infected at all

b. Becoming temporarily infected, developing immunity, and overcoming the infection

c. Becoming infected and continuing to shed the virus indefinitely without becoming ill

d. Becoming infected, becoming ill within 3 days, and dying within a week

d. Becoming infected, becoming ill within 3 days, and dying within a week

What is the predominant method for transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus in cats?

a. Grooming

b. Bite wounds

c. Urine

d. Feces

b. Bite wounds

Urinary tract infection is a common secondary complication in cats and dogs with:

a. Congestive heart failure

b. Diabetes mellitus

c. Hepatic lipidosis

d. Hyperthyroidism

b. Diabetes mellitus

Hemolytic anemia is characterized by the destruction of:

a. Erythrocytes

b. Leukocytes

c. Lymphocytes

d. Monocytes

a. Erythrocytes

Which of the following laboratory test would not be used to diagnose immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA)?

a. Autoagglutination test

b. CBC

c. Coombs test

d. Fructosamine

d. Fructosamine

Which of the following signs would a regurgitating patient show?

a. Forceful contraction of the abdomen

b. Restlessness

c. Salivation

d. Undigested food in the expelled substance

d. Undigested food in the expelled substance

What do black "coffee grounds" in the vomitus indicate?

a. Gastric or esophageal disorder

b. Gastrointestinal ulceration

c. Bile

d. Obstruction

b. Gastrointestinal ulceration

What does high-frequency diarrhea with straining and mucus indicate?

a. Involvement of the stomach

b. Involvement of the jejunum or ileum

c. Involvement of the large intestine

d. Colitis

c. Involvement of the large intestine

Which of the following is most beneficial in preventing GI ulceration?

a. Antibiotic administration

b. Enteral feeding

c. Famatodine

d. Withholding food

b. Enteral feeding

Which are the following are effects of hypothermia?

a. Increased metabolic rate

b. Decreased clotting time

c. Cardiac disfunction

d. Increased peripheral blood flow

c. Cardiac disfunction

A proposed globe:

a. Cab be caused by overzealous restraint

b. Is not considered an emergency

c. Can most easily occur in dolichocephalic breeds

d. Is commonly a consequence of conjunctivitis

a. Cab be caused by overzealous restraint

Chronic mitral valvular disease (endocarditis) affects more than 1/3 of patients older than:

a. 2 years

b. 5 years

c. 8 years

d. 10 years

d. 10 years

The prevalence of dilated (congestive) cardiomyopathy in cats has decreased markedly since 1987, following the discovery that ______ deficiency was the principal cause.

a. Glutamine

b. Taurine

c. Arginine

d. Copper

b. Taurine

Which of the following is seen in cats older than 10 years but is very rare in dogs?

a. Hyperadrenocortisicm

b. Hypoadrenocorticism

c. Hypothyroidism

d. Hyperthyroidism

d. Hyperthyroidism

Clinical signs of gastric ulcers include:

a. Bruxism

b. Pyrexia

c. Hyposalivation

d. All of the above

a. Bruxism

Which os the following is a sign of common complications of heartworm adulticide therapy?

a. Ecchymoses, anemia

b. Hemoptysis, dyspnea

c. Hematuria, stranguria

d. Melena, lethargy

b. Hemoptysis, dyspnea

Which of the following is a common contributor to pancreatitis in dogs?

a. Blunt force trauma

b. Dietary indiscretion

c. Pancreatic hypo perfusion

d. Panceotoxic drugs

b. Dietary indiscretion

Which of the following is an endocrine disease most commonly seen in cats?

a. Chronic kidney disease

b. Diabetes mellitus

c. Hyperthyroidism

d. Hypothyroidism

c. Hyperthyroidism

Which of the following endocrine diseases results in weight gain, muscle weakness, polyuria, polydipsia, skin and hair coat abnormalities, and a pot-bellied appearance in a dog?

a. Hyperadrenocorticism

b. Hypoadrenocorticism

c. Hyperthyroidism

d. Hypothyroidism

a. Hyperadrenocorticism

Which of the following may be caused by right-sided heart failure?

a. Aortic stenosis

b. Mitral valve dysplasia

c. Dysrhythmias

d. Tricuspid dysplasia

d. Tricuspid dysplasia

Addisons disease is also knowns as ...

Hypoadrenocorticism

A vasculair abnormality in which the hepatic portal vein empties into the caudal vena cava is:

a. Hepatic lipidosis

b. Portosystemic shunt

c. Cardiomyopathy

d. Aortic stenosis

b. Portosystemic shunt

Which of the following is the passive expulsion of material from the mouth, pharynx, or esophagus?

a. Expectoration

b. Hematemesis

c. Regurgitation

d. Vomiting

c. Regurgitation

Which of the following may be caused by left-sided heart failure?

a. Mitral valve dysplasia

b. Pulmonic stenosis

c. Neoplasia

d. Myocarditis

a. Mitral valve dysplasia

The heart is an organ that is commonly affected by age. Chronic valvular disease (CDV) results from thickening of the heart valves and affects many:

a. Young dogs

b. Older dogs, especially smaller dogs

c. Large breed dogs

d. Cats

b. Older dogs, especially smaller dogs

Which os the following treatments used to treat heartworm disease in dogs is a common microfilaricide treatment?

a. Thiacetarsamide

b. Melarsomine dihydrochloride

c. Ivermectin

d. All of the above

c. Ivermectin

Increased intraocular pressure (IOP), caused by more aqueous fluid being produced than leaving the eye, might result in ...

a. Pannus

b. KCS

c. Glaucoma

d. Chronic superficial keratitis

c. Glaucoma

Overproduction of tears may be caused by:

a. Ocular pain or irritation

b. Sad patients

c. Too much protein

d. All of the above

a. ocular pain or irritation

The term used to describe a group of hereditary eye diseases seen in many breeds of dogs, which cause loss of night vision or low-light vision is:

a. Pannus

b. KCS

c. Progressive retinal atrophy

d. Chronic superficial keratitis

c. Progressive retinal atrophy

Which of the following is commonly seen in dogs but rarely in cats?

a. Hyperadrenocortisicm

b. Hypoadrenocorticism

c. Hypothyroidism

d. Hyperthyroidism

a. Hyperadrenocortisicm

Acute diarrhea is usually caused by:

a. Malignancy

b. Dietary indiscretion

c. Histoplasmosis

d. Pythiosis

b. Dietary indiscretion

Which of the following is not a typical sign of IBD in cats?

a. Vomiting

b. Diarrhea

c. Weight gain

d. Weight loss

c. Weight gain

Causes of congenital heart disease include all of the following except:

a. Genetics

b. Viruses

c. Nutrients

d. Drugs

b. Viruses

Which of the following clinical signs is seen in a cat with heart worms?

a. Diarrhea

b. Left-side chronic heart failure

c. Weight gain

d. Vomiting

d. Vomiting

Protein malnutrition in patients with hepatic disease manifests clinically as:

a. hypoalbuminemia, weight gain, and muscle atrophy

b. weight loss, muscle atrophy, and hypoalbuminemia

c. muscle atrophy, hypoalbuminemia, and zinc accumulation

d. vitamin K accumulation, weight loss, and muscle atrophy

b. weight loss, muscle atrophy, and hypoalbuminemia

In cats, hepatic lipidosis often occurs as a result of which of the following?

a. Thyroid disease

b. Anorexia and weight loss

c. Lower UTI

d. Cardiac disease

b. Anorexia and weight loss

Clinical signs of acute gastritis may include:

a. anorexia

b. polyuria

c. polydipsia

d. anuria

a. anorexia

The accumulation of inflammatory cells within the lining of the small intestine, stomach, or large bowel is known as:

a. Acute gastritis

b. Chronic gastritis

c. Inflammatory bowel disease

d. Colitis

c. Inflammatory bowel disease

All of the following information should be provided to clients when their pet has been diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease except:

a. A definitive diagnose requires a biopsy

b. Therapy will only be required until clinical signs resolve

c. A special diet will be required for a retainer of the animals life

d. Pets cannot eat table food

b. Therapy will only be required until clinical signs resolve

Intestinal lymphangiectasia is defined as:

a. A protein-losing stomach disease

b. A fat-losing stomach disease

c. A fat-losing intestinal disease

d. A protein-losing intestinal disease

d. A protein-losing intestinal disease

Feline obstipation is also known as:

a. IBD

b. Megacolon

c. Constipation

d. All of the above

b. Megacolon

Poorly controlled diabetic patients may experience muscle wasting because of:

a. Fat being catabolized

b. Protein being catabolized

c. Carbs being catabolized

d. All of the above

b. Protein being catabolized

Which clinical sign would indicate small intestinal diarrhea?

a. Mucus

b. Hematochezia

c. Increased stool volume

d. Dyschezia

c. Increased stool volume

Which clinical sign would indicate large intestinal diarrhea?

a. Halitosis

b. Borborygmus

c. Tenesmus

d. Steatorrhea

c. Tenesmus

Which heart condition is most common in Pomeranians?

a. PDA

b. Aortic stenosis

c. Atrial septal defect

d. Ventricular septal defect

a. PDA