Cell-The The Unit of Life
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Last updated 10:37 AM on 7/26/22
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60 Terms
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Small structures
________ which are associated with plasma membrane are called ribosomes.
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Fimbriae
________ are bristle- like structures which spike out of the cell.
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Robert Brown
________ later discovered and named the nucleus in a cell.
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Genetic information
________ is stored as DNA in the chromosomes present in the nucleus.
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Chemical reactions
________ occur in it to keep the cell in a living state.
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Gas vacuoles
________ are found in blue green and purple and green photosynthetic bacteria.
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DNA replication
________ and distribution to daughter cells.
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Reserve materials
________ are stored in the cytoplasm in the form of inclusion bodies.
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J E Purkinje
________, used the term protoplasm for the living substance present inside the cell.
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Robert Hooke
________ (1665) discovered hollow cavities (empty boxes) like compartments in a very thin slice of cork (cell wall) with his crude microscope and named them as cellulae or cells.
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Glycocalyx
________ is made up of macromolecules.
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fluid matrix
The ________ filling the cell is the cytoplasm.
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Rudolf Virchow
________ (1855) first explained that cells divide and new cells are formed from pre- existing cells (Omnis cellula- e cellula)
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Filament
________ is the longest portion and extends from cell surface to outside.
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Animals
________ contain NON- MEMBRANE organelle called centrosome which helps in cell division.
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Lipoproteins
________ form the 60 % of the cell membrane.
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structural unit of life
The fundamental functional and ________ is known as a Cell.
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1838
In ________, German botanist named Matthias Schleiden observed many different types of plants which contained different types of cells and form tissues.
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Ribosomes
________ are NON- MEMBRANE bound organelles found in ALL cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic)
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Plasma Membrane
________: This is the innermost layer and it is semi- permeable.
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Prokaryotes
________ have 70s ribosomes which are made up of 30s smaller subunits and 50s larger subunits.
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semi fluid structure
It is a(n) ________ wherein all the parts of the cell float.
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Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
________ first saw and described a live cell.
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genetic material
The ________ is naked circular DNA, not enclosed by a nuclear envelope.
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British Zoologist
He was a(n) ________ and according to studies he reported that cells have an outer layer which is known as Plasma membrane.
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surface area
Increases the ________ of the plasma membrane and enzymatic content.
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Pili
________ are made up of special protein and are elongated tubular structures.
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similar fundamental structure
All cells have ________ and metabolic reactions.
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Motile bacteria
________ have thin filamentous extensions from their cell wall called Flagella.
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Cell wall
________ provides shape and structural support to the cell and protects bacteria from collapsing or bursting.
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Nerve cells
________: branched and long.
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Cells
________ differ greatly in size, shape and activities.
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membrane bound
Each cell has a dense ________ structure called nucleus which contains the chromosomes that in turn contains the genetic material, DNA.
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Eukaryotic cells
________ have a variety of locomotory and cytoskeletal structures.
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exchange of material
It prevents leakage from the cell and allows the ________ inside and outside of the cell.
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Bacterium flagella
________ are composed of three parts- basal body, hook and filament.
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cell envelope
The ________ consists of a tightly bound three layered structure i.e., the outermost glycocalyx followed by the cell wall and then the plasma membrane.
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Animal cells
________ were studied by Schwann in 1839.
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Columnar epithelial cells
________: long and narrow.
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Ribosomes
________ are found in cytoplasm, chloroplasts (in plants), mitochondria and on rough ER.
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plasma membrane
On the ________, there are some circular coiled bodies called mesosomes which are simply infoldings of the ________.
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Genetic material
________ is well organized into chromosomes.
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Glycocalyx
________: The layer could be thick or could be loose.
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Cell wall
________: It lies below glycocalyx and is made up of peptidoglycan.
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Cells
________ that have membrane bound nuclei are called eukaryotic whereas ________ that lack a membrane bound nucleus are prokaryotic.
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plasma membrane
When ________ extends into the cell in the form of tubules, vesicles and lamellae it is called mesosome.
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Mycoplasmas (smallest cell)
0.3μm
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Largest isolated single cell
Ostrich egg
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Longest human cells
Nerve cells
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RBCs
round and biconcave
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WBCs
ameboid
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Columnar epithelial cells
long and narrow
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Nerve cells
branched and long
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Tracheid
elongated
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Mesophyll cells
round and oval
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Glycocalyx
The layer could be thick or could be loose
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Cell wall
It lies below glycocalyx and is made up of peptidoglycan
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Plasma Membrane
This is the innermost layer and it is semi-permeable
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They contain pigments like chla, β-carotene, myxoxanthophyll, myxoxanthin C
phycocyanin and C-phycoerythrin
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Bacterium flagella are composed of three parts
basal body, hook and filament
