Informatics Exam 3 Pt 2

What is informed consent?

strategy used to promote RESPECT and HUMAN DIGNITY

What does the process of informed consent allow the patient to do?

receive adequate information, ask questions, power of free choice

What are the three approaches to informed consent?

written consent, implied consent, process consent

What is anonymity?

no one, not even the researcher, knows the identity of the subjects

What is confidentiality?

All information regarding a patient's condition is confidential and will not be shared

What is a Certificate of Confidentiality?

a certificate obtained to prevent forced disclosure of confidential information to authorities

What is debriefing?

the post-experimental explanation of a study, including its purpose and any deceptions, to its participants

What is a referral?

formal request for a special service by another care provider

What is an external review?

review conducted by a human subjects committee affiliated with the institution where research is being conducted

What is the Institutional Review Board (IRB)?

committee of administrators, scientists, and community members that reviews proposals for research involving human participants

What are responsibilities of the IRB?

review of proposed research, oversee adherence, ensure proper training

What three ethical principles does the Belmont Report protect?

beneficence, respect for human dignity, justice

What is the focus of beneficence?

a duty to minimize harm and maximize benefits

What two rights are included in beneficence?

right to freedom from harm, right to protection from exploitation

What is the focus of respect for human dignity?

participant's right to self-determination and the right to full disclosure

What two rights are included for human dignity?

right to self-determination, right to full disclosure

What is the focus of Justice?

participants have the right to fair treatment and to privacy

What two rights are included for justice?

right to fair treatment, right to privacy

What is a vulnerable group?

a group which may be incapable of giving fully informed consent or may be at high risk for unintended side effects

What are examples of vulnerable groups?

children, mentally or emotionally disabled, institutionalized, pregnant women

What is critical appraisal?

judging the quality and relevance of research for use in clinical practice

What is the purpose of critical appraisal?

identifying the best available evidence to integrate with clinical experience and patient values

Why is critical appraisal important in nursing?

competency of consumers, tested interventions, deliver safe care

What do early studies often lack?

comprehensive data

What are quality indicators?

duration of study, sample size, control for confounders

What is the CRAAP test?

quick check for credibility

What is the CRAAP acronym?

currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, purpose

What does quantitative research focus on?

validity and reliability

What does qualitative research focus on?

rigor and trustworthiness

What is synthesizing evidence?

bringing different studies together

What can replicating studies help with?

boosts confidence in findings

What methods can help capture phenomena?

self reports, observation, biomarkers

What is construct validity?

measurement method matches concept

What is content validity?

test represents all aspects of concept

What is face validity?

test content seems suitable for aims

What is criterion validity?

results accurately measure outcome