Bioppsych quiz 1

Neuroscience

The study of the Nervous system

Biopsych

is the interdisciplinary field combining biology and psychology to understand behavior and mental processes using empirical methods to gather objective evidence

empirical methods

rely on observation/experience rather than just theory or logic. Careful observation and systematic measurement and experimentation

Behavior

observable action

Mental process

What brain is doing

Biological bases of behavior and mental processes

NT, hormones, brain structure, genetics

Physiological psychology

formal experimentation that is invasive and directly manipulates the NS. This field focuses on biological bases of behavior and mental processes.

formal experimentation

randomized controlled trial. create a specialized treatment and observe its effects in a controlled setting.

Quasi experiment

A quantitative study testing cause-and-effect relationships without random assignment of participants and has confounding variables

Correlation study

a non-experimental research method that measures two or more variables to see if they are related, without the researcher manipulating or controlling any of them EX: Surveys, Naturalistic observation

brocas area

Expressive speech. Aphasia= language disruption

wernickes area

Receptive speech. Aphasia= language comprehension

case studies

at most four people, they are specialized

Psychophysiology

measures physiological responses of human participants. Sleep studies from skins surface using electrodes like EEG

Neuropsychology

focus on behavior deficits that result because of brain damage. Human oriented-applied, case studies

Psychopharmacology

develop new therapeutic drugs. The idea of the placebo effect is crucial it shows how powerful psychological influences can be a factor on subjective experiences

Cognitive Neuroscience

studies mental processes and higher order thinking and how that is created biologically

FMRI

shows which parts are the brain active by measuring blood flow

MEG

Shows the brains electrical activity by measuring tiny magnetic fields

MRI

shows brain structure

DTI

Shows how brain connections are organized

TMS

treats major depression

Nurture

external, environmental

Nature

internal, genetics

Physiological explanations

focus on the brains machinery and how behavior may relate to brain structure, other organs, and chemicals (NT, hormones)

Ontogenetic explanations

origin or development of a behavior (nature vs nurture being interwoven together)

3’s of cell function

Synthesize, Store, Secrete

Synthesis

Make proteins and other cellular materials

Store

Package new synthesized materials into decretory vesicles for later use

secrete

vesicles release their contents outside the cell

neurons

form a vast communication electrochemical system

Plasma membrane

semi permeable (oxygen, soluble liquids)

Alleles

Gene pairs that in the same location on the homologous chromosome

Huntintong’s disease

dominant autosomal transmission. The HTT gene expression on chromosome 4.

symptoms of HTT

ALS, Parkinsons, Alzheimers. very clear motor and mental symptoms

chorea

dance like movement

anhedonia

lose of pleasure in daily activities

Quintessential family disease

heritable by 50% if one parent has the gene

Chromosome 17

carries the SLC6A4 gene, which encodes the serotonin transporter (SERT) protein responsible for regulating serotonin levels in the brain and body