Unit 6 The Government of the New Nation

Bayou Bridges Chapters 1-2

To approve

Ratify

Not affiliated with any political party, maintaining neutrality

Nonpartisan

Reason to believe a person is guilty of a crime

Probable Cause

Supreme Court's final say on law adherence to the Constitution

Judicial Review

the idea that the government's authority depends on the people agreeing to respect and abide by that authority

Popular Sovereignty

Principle that all, including government leaders, are subject to the same laws

Rule of Law

System where national government shares power with other levels of government, such as states

Federalism

the division of power in the American government by which each branch prevents the others from becoming too powerful

Checks and Balances

Funds/money designated for a specific purpose, like government functions

Appropriation

an amount of money available for spending based on a plan for how it will be spent

Budget

To impose a tax or fee by authority

Levy

Watching over or monitoring a system or process

Oversight

a decision made by an executive head of government, such as a president, that has the force of law

Executive Order

Legal process to bring a case to a higher court to review the decision of the lower court

Appeal

the power to review a legal case and apply the law

Original Jurisdiction

the results of an election based on individual ballots cast by citizens

Popular Vote

Specific powers of the federal government that are specifically listed in the Constitution

Enumerated Powers

Powers in the U.S. system of government that belonging to states, not the federal government

Reserved Powers

Powers shared by state and federal governments in the U.S. system

Concurrent Powers

This established Native American tribes as sovereign nations

Commerce Clause

Newspaper articles educating people about the Constitution and to get them to vote in favor of it

The Federalist Papers

Why Patrick Henry worried about the wording of the preamble to the Constitution?

he thought it took power from the states and he worried the government would overreach in forming "a more perfect union."

How did John Hancock and James Madison convinced Anti-Federalists to support the Constitution?

They promised to add a Bill of Rights protecting individual freedoms after ratification

The first state to ratify the Constitution

Delaware

The last state to ratify the Constitution

Rhode Island

Four of the ten amendments in the Bill of Rights specifically protect…

people accused of a crime

The Bill of Rights says ____ and __ should be separate. This idea came from the Enlightenment, a time when people shared new thoughts about government, thinking, and people's rights.

religion and government

What can a person do under the first amendment?

Speak their mind freely

practice any religion they want

gather peacefully

petition the government to change things

share their opinions through the press (social media)

What do the Ninth and Tenth Amendments do?

Limit the powers of the federal government

Explain the two reasons why the Constitutional Convention settled on this new process for ratifying the Constitution.

First, it let each state suggest changes before deciding whether to agree or not. Second, because the old system for approving laws, called the Articles of Confederation, had taken a really long time, and they didn't want to wait that long again.

Which principle is reflected in the first words of the Constitution, "We the People"?

Popular Sovereignty

Reflect back on the diagram in your notes and on your study guide, what power did the President have over the Congress?

The President can veto legislation.

Reflect back on the diagram in your notes and on your study guide, what power did the Supreme Court have over the Congress?

The Supreme Court could declare laws unconstitutional.

Reflect back on the diagram in your notes and on your study guide, what power did the Congress have over the President?

They could impeach the president.

Reflect back on the diagram in your notes and on your study guide, what power did the Supreme Court have over the President?

The Supreme Court can declare executive orders unconstitutional.

What powers belong to the Legislative branch?

Has the power to be elected to office and has the power to declare war

What powers belong to the Executive branch?

Has the power to veto bills and can appoint Supreme Court justices

What powers belong to the Judicial branch?

Has the power to interpret laws and serve for life

What happens to a bill if the president does not sign it?

If the president does not sign a bill after ten days, it becomes a law.

How does the Electoral College work?

In the Electoral College, instead of voting directly for the president, people vote for electors who then vote for the candidate they want.

When amending the Constitution, an amendment must …

pass in Congress by a two-thirds majority vote, and then three-fourths of the states must ratify it

One important responsibility of state governments is the power to…

ratify amendments to the U.S. Constitution.