Case studies refugee movements

What happened during the Rwandan genocide in 1994?

Approximately 800,000 people, primarily Tutsis, were slaughtered in 100 days by Hutu extremists.

What triggered the Rwandan genocide?

The shooting down of a plane carrying President Habyarimana in April 1994, which Hutu extremists attributed to the Tutsi RPF.

How did the Hutu militias kill Tutsis during the genocide?

They used lists of targets, set up roadblocks, and often used machetes.

How did the Rwandan genocide conclude?

The RPF seized power by taking Kigali on July 4, 1994, leading to mass Hutu flight into DR Congo.

What is the current status of the Syrian refugee crisis?

Over 5.6 million people, including 2.4 million children, have fled Syria since the conflict began in 2011.

What sparked the Syrian refugee crisis?

Anti-government protests in 2011 that escalated into a civil war involving the government, rebel groups, and foreign backers.

What is the significance of Idlib province in Syria?

Idlib is the last major stronghold for rebel groups trying to overthrow the Assad government.

Why are rural Somalis migrating to Mogadishu?

Displacement due to drought, conflict, and lack of safety or support in the countryside.

What impact has climate change had on Sudan?

Sudan's temperature is expected to rise significantly, making much of the land unsuitable for agriculture.

What is Ethiopia's 'villagisation' programme?

A program that forcibly relocates indigenous people to lease their land to foreign investors, causing hunger and hardship.

What motivates land grabs in Ethiopia according to Ingbresten (2017)?

The main motivation is water; cheap land leasing attracts foreign investors.

How has the eviction of IDPs in Mogadishu been reported?

IDP settlements have been destroyed without prior consultations, leading to increased vulnerability and hardship.