Exam 1 - In class questions and homework
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100 Terms
Which of the following represent basic research
D. B and C
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following represent basic research A. Describing the structure of kinetochores B. Identifying the molecules involved in transcription C. Finding the gene responsible for CF D. Identifying the molecules involved in translation E. None of the above
A, B, D
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following represents applied research
A. Finding a cure for Alzheimer's
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following represents peer review
D. All of the above
3 multiple choice options
Which of these Hardy-Weinberg assumptions has changed the most in Humans over the past 300 years
B. Natural selection
3 multiple choice options
In the scientific method, once you have proposed a testable hypothesis, what is the next step
D. Design a controlled experiment
3 multiple choice options
In the scientific method, once you have designed a controlled experiment, what is the next step
A. Perform the experiment, collecting data
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following are required for a population to be in genetic equilibrium? Options: A. No mutation B. Survival of the fastest C. No natural selection D. Mitigation E. Sufficient population size (aka no genetic drift) F. Random mating G. Artificial selection H. No migration
A, C, E, F, H
3 multiple choice options
After reading a manuscript, you realize that they used the wrong Human population in their study. This is an example of
B. Peer review
3 multiple choice options
You have identified a disease that you want to investigate (and maybe cure!). Which of the following is a testable applied research hypothesis: A. Identify who has the disease B. Find a gene that underlies the phenotype C. Find out where humans with the disease are geographically located D. Identify the enzymatic pathway that causes the phenotype E. All of the above
E
3 multiple choice options
A mutation is important for which of the following fields of Genetics?
D. All of the above
3 multiple choice options
You read a study that compares two surgical procedures and their respective outcomes. Their data is derived from English-language journals. What effect does the fact that English-language only journals were used have on this study: A. It renders the results applicable to Englishoonly regions B. It has no bearings on the conclusions of this paper C. It opens up the possibility of performing the same type of research using non-English sources D. It means that environmental factors such as nutrition or medical care or environmental quality may be different and could affect the results if non-English journals are used.
B, C, D
3 multiple choice options
Which molecule would have the greatest impact on miRNA creation
B. RNA polymerase
3 multiple choice options
The process associated with RNA polymerase is
B. Transcription
3 multiple choice options
In eukaryotes, transcription by RNA polymerase II is terminated at
C. Randomly past the gene sequence
3 multiple choice options
Hereditary material must
C. Have the capacity to be copied accurately
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is needed to perform PCR: A. Free nucleotides B. DNA polymerase 40s C. DNA polymerase D. RNA polymerase I
A and C
3 multiple choice options
What could cause all transcription to stop in a prokaryote
A. The sole RNA polymerase gene has mutated
3 multiple choice options
You have performed an extraction of a eukaryote cells' RNA - you discover that there are no mRNA molecules - what is the most likely cause of this
D. The RNA polymerase II genes have been inactivated
3 multiple choice options
RNA polymerase I synthesizes
A. rRNA
3 multiple choice options
RNA polymerase II synthesizes
B. mRNA
3 multiple choice options
RNA polymerase III synthesizes
C. tRNA
3 multiple choice options
Griffith discovered that the transforming material was RNA
B. False
1 multiple choice option
Watson and Crick discovered that DNA was replicated in a conservative manner
B. False
1 multiple choice option
Avery, Macleod and McCarty discovered that DNA was responsible for Griffiths' transformation experiment
A. True
1 multiple choice option
Prokaryote RNA has multiple origins of replication
B. False
1 multiple choice option
Prokaryote DNA is linear in form
B. False
1 multiple choice option
Eukaryote DNA has multiple origins of replication
A. True
1 multiple choice option
Housekeeping genes are always expressed
A. True
1 multiple choice option
Housekeeping genes serve as
Internal controls in cellular function
Genes are only transcribed in a 5' to 3' direction
A. True
1 multiple choice option
RNA polymerase III is required for mRNA synthesis
B. False
1 multiple choice option
RNA polymerase II is required for tRNA synthesis
B. False
1 multiple choice option
A heated lid on a PCR machine is used to keep your samples from evaporating
A. True
1 multiple choice option
Discovered the helical form of DNA: A. Mendel B. Griffith C. Avery, MaCleod, McCarty D. Franklin E. Chargaff F. Watson and Crick
D
3 multiple choice options
Discovered the structure of DNA: A. Mendel B. Griffith C. Avery, MaCleod, McCarty D. Franklin E. Chargaff F. Watson and Crick
F
3 multiple choice options
Discovered that DNA had equal amounts of Adenine and Thymine: A. Mendel B. Griffith C. Avery, MaCleod, McCarty D. Franklin E. Chargaff F. Watson and Crick
E
3 multiple choice options
Discovered that DNA was the genetic material: A. Mendel B. Griffith C. Avery, MaCleod, McCarty D. Franklin E. Chargaff F. Watson and Crick
C
3 multiple choice options
Griffith discovered that the transforming material was RNA
B. False
1 multiple choice option
Which of the following molecules is not needed for DNA replication using PCR
D. Helicase
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following molecules is NOT required for DNA replication in a cell
D. All are required for DNA replication in the cell
3 multiple choice options
In the Avery et al. experiment, what would it have meant if the removal of polysaccharides from the heat-killed IIIS S. pneumoniae cells had led to the living mouse
C. It would have shown that the transforming material for mice was polysaccharides
2 multiple choice options
This manuscript states that multiple genes are transcribed at the same time. Which of the following statements are supported by this manuscript
D. None of the above
3 multiple choice options
miRNA and siRNA are needed for production of a polypeptide
B. False
1 multiple choice option
This molecule is NOT required to make a polypeptide
B. MicroRNA
3 multiple choice options
This molecule is NOT required to make a polypeptide during translation
C. Topoisomerase
3 multiple choice options
The process interrupted by siRNA is
C. Translation
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following carry out their functions in the cytoplasm A. microRNA B. siRNA C. tRNA D. mRNA E. All of the above
E
3 multiple choice options
Incorporation of amino acids into a growing polypeptide has stopped, which one of the following molecules is most likely lacking in the cell
D. None of the above
3 multiple choice options
Given the following DNA coding sequence 5' - CGATGATGCATCATTGT - 3', what is the resulting polypeptide in single letter annotation (beginning from the start codon only)
C. 5'-MMHHC...-3'
3 multiple choice options
3'- TACTAGGCA - 5 ' is a coding DNA sequence
B. False
1 multiple choice option
This is the mRNA sequence. Which of the following is the coding? 5' - AUCAUAUUGGCG - 3'
B. 5' - ATCATATTGGCG - 3'
3 multiple choice options
You are studying a new organism. You notice that there are more unique polypeptides than genes - what could be the reason for this
D. None of the above, it would be alternative splicing
3 multiple choice options
a report indicates that a genome has 60% G/C content. What is the percent of the genome that is Guanine
D. 30%
3 multiple choice options
There are exceptions to the codons used for polypeptide synthesis, but they are rare
A. True
1 multiple choice option
A charged mRNA brings an amino acid in to a ribosome for incorporation into a polypeptide
B. False
1 multiple choice option
Which of the following molecules will be translated
A. mRNA
3 multiple choice options
3' - TGCTGCTTC - 5' is a template DNA sequence
A. True
1 multiple choice option
The following sequences are possible (True) or not possible (False):
B. False (not possible)
1 multiple choice option
You have detected a 10-fold decrease in siRNA production in human cancer cells vs a control. What could this mean
C. A specific cellular control gene is no longer being silenced
3 multiple choice options
You have performed a test on a patient and found that the mRNA of a suspect gene has a normal transcription level; Which of the following could be the cause of the disease if it is in fact caused by this gene: A. siRNa is increasing suspect gene polypeptide production B. microRNA is reducing suspect gene polypeptide production C. The suspect gene mRNa encodes a functional polypeptide
B
3 multiple choice options
Incorporation of amino acids into a growing polypeptide has stopped, which one of the following molecules is most likely lacking in the cell
D. Charged tRNA
3 multiple choice options
What does anterior segment dysgenesis affect (can be derived from abstract)
D. Vision
3 multiple choice options
Non-disjunction during meiosis II results in 0% viable gametes
B. False
1 multiple choice option
Nondisjunction where individuals have three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual 2 results in
Trisomy 21, down syndrome
2 multiple choice options
Nondisjunction where females only have one X chromosome (X)
Turner syndrome
2 multiple choice options
Nondisjunction where males have an extra chromosome (XXY)
Klinefelter syndrome
2 multiple choice options
A eukaryote chromosome usually has a centromere and 2 telomeres
A. True
1 multiple choice option
Regions specific to prokaryotic chromosomes
D. None of the above
3 multiple choice options
A euploid Human female karyotype has 47 chromosomes
B. False
1 multiple choice option
Humans have _______ chromosomes
46
3 multiple choice options
Humans have ______ chromosome pairs
23
3 multiple choice options
What chromosome determines sex
23
3 multiple choice options
A cell or organism having a complete set of chromosomes
Euploid
3 multiple choice options
A cell or nucleus having a single set of unpaired chromosomes
Haploid
3 multiple choice options
A cell or nucleus containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent
Diploid
3 multiple choice options
Genetic condition where an organism has an abnormal number of chromosomes in its cells
Aneuploid
3 multiple choice options
A group of cells that carry a mutation that causes unchecked cell growth and are found away from their initial tissue location
A. Metastatic cancer cells
3 multiple choice options
Human gamete cell chromosome composition
C. Haploid
3 multiple choice options
In a diploid cell, the end result of meiosis is
A. Four haploid gametes
3 multiple choice options
In a diploid cell, mitosis leads to
B. Two daughter cells
3 multiple choice options
You notice a missing chromosome in a patients karyotype - which of these conditions is caused by monosomy
D. None of the above
3 multiple choice options
What Central Dogma process was screened
B. Transcription
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following represents the best possible (not likely to be random) e value from a BLAST result
A. 0.0
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following represents the best possible (not likely to be random) e value from a BLAST result
D. 7e-150
3 multiple choice options
You wish to study a previously undiscovered organism. Which data would give you a quick overview of what the organism transcribes to compare with other, known organisms
A. Complementary DNA sequencing
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following could be an effective comparison between two organisms
A. The amino acid composition of orthologous genes
3 multiple choice options
Orthologous genes measure
Changes between organisms
1 multiple choice option
Paralogous genes measure
Similar genes within the same species
1 multiple choice option
Investigates functional polypeptide networks
C. Proteomics
3 multiple choice options
A study compares the expressed genes between three organisms. This is an example of
D. Transcriptomics
3 multiple choice options
A study compares the expressed genes in an organism before and after a stimulus. This is an example of
D. Transcriptomics
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be random
D. Ten DNA base pairs matching ten DNA base pairs in another sample
3 multiple choice options
A common size for a polymerase chain reaction primer is 20 bp. How specific is this
D. About one in a trillion (1,000,000,000,000)
3 multiple choice options
The rule of thumb is for every 5pb there are ______ zero(s)
3
3 multiple choice options
You have used an unknown restriction enzyme that appears to cut random DNA about every 1,000 bp; how long is the restriction enzyme recognition site
A. 5bp
3 multiple choice options
What does differentially expressed genes mean?
D. genes with significant transcriptional variation between SR and AF tissues
3 multiple choice options
You receive all genetic material from your biological parents
A. True
1 multiple choice option
The temperature required to separate two complementary strands of the same DNA molecule is affected by which of the following factors
A. The C/G content of the strand
3 multiple choice options
How many IHD patients participated in this study
D. 0
3 multiple choice options
