Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

DNA fragments are loaded into

an agarose gel slab, which is placed into a chamber filled with a conductive buffer solution.

A direct current is passed between

wire electrodes at each end of the chamber.

it recognizes a specific sequence of base pairs, which signals the enzyme to stop sliding.

When attached to the DNA, the enzyme slides along the double helix until

Agarose gel electrophoresis

________: a procedure used to separate DNA fragments based on their sizes.

move towards the positive electrode.

An electric current causes the negatively charged DNA molecules to

The matrix of the agarose gel acts as a

molecular sieve through which smaller DNA fragments can move more easily than larger one.

Restriction enzymes

________ can be used to create certain DNA fragments by making cuts at the specific sequence of base pair that it recognizes.

Electrophoresis

________: to carry with electricity.

DNA

________ is colorless so DNA fragments in the gel can not be seen during electrophoresis.

The loading dye does not stain the DNA itself, but

makes it easier to load the gels and monitor the progress of the DNA electrophoresis.

The rate at which a DNA fragment migrates through the gel is

inversely proportional to its size in base pairs.

Agarose gel electrophoresis

a procedure used to separate DNA fragments based on their sizes

The enzyme then chemically separates, or cuts, the DNA molecule at that site

called a restriction site

Electrophoresis

to carry with electricity