Kinesiology Unit 3

Chapters 5-6

what is the frontal plane?

front and back

what is the sagittal plane?

right and left

what is the transverse plane?

across

how many vertebras are in the C-Spine?

7

how many vertebras are in the T-Spine?

12

how many vertebras are in the L-Spine?

5

how many pairs of ribs are there?

12

what are the motions of the spine?

flex, extend, rotate, and lateral flexion

how many axis does the spine pass through?

triaxial

what are the motions of the scapula?

elevation, adduction, abduction, depression, and elevation

how many axis does the scapula pass through?

biaxial

what are the motions of the clavicle?

upward/downard rotation

what are the motions of the shoulder?

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and internal/external rotation

how many axis does the shoulder pass through?

biaxial

what are the motions of the elbow?

flexion and extension

how many axis does the elbow pass through?

uniaxial

what are the motions of the forearm?

supination and pronation

what are the motions of the wrist?

flexion, extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation

how many axis does the wrist pass through?

biaxial

what the motions of the fingers?

flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction

how many axis does the fingers pass through?

biaxial

what are the motions of the pelvis?

anterior tilt, posterior tilt, and lateral tilt

what are the motions of the hip?

flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, lateral rotation, and medial rotation

what are the motions of the knee?

flexion, extensions, lateral rotation of flexed right knee, and medial rotation of flexed right knee

what are the motions of the ankle?

dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

what are the motions of the foot?

pronation and supination

what are the motions of the toes?

flexion and extension

what is the function and structure of joints that move freely?

diarthrotic synovial joints

what is the structure and function of the joints that permit limited motion?

amphiarthrotic cartilaginous joints

what is the structure and function of the joints that permit little to no motion?

synarthrotic fibrous joints

example of hinge joint

humeroulnar, talocrural

example of pivot joint

proximal radioulnar joint

example of ellipsoid joint

radiocarpal joint

example of saddle joint

first metacarpal joint

example of ball-and-socket joint

glenohumeral joint

example of gliding joint

carpals

what is range of motion measured from?

anatomical position

what are active restraints?

muscles and tendons

what are passive restraints?

joint capsules, ligaments, bone structure, and connective tissue flexibility

what is physiological movement?

movement that a person can create actively at a joint

what is accessory movement?

movement that could occur at a joint, but is not reliant on voluntary control

what is bony restriction?

where bone hits bone

what is tissue limitation?

where flesh hits flesh

where is strain more likely to occur?

hypomobility

what happens in sprains?

shortening = concentric

what happens in strains?

lengthening = eccentric

what is osteokinematics?

describes the pathways of moving bones

what is arthrokinematics?

describes the motion that happens at the articulating joint surfaces

what are the three types of joint motion?

roll, glide, and spin

when do the motions occur?

in tandem

if concave rotates around the convex…

the convex will rotate in the same direction

if the convex rotates around the concave…

the convex will rotate the opposite to the motion

what is open kinetic chain?

proximal end of joint is fixed and distal end is mobile

what is closed kinetic chain?

distal end of joint is fixed and proximal end is mobile

is open or closed kinetic chain more stable?

closed