Nicholas II 1894-1917

What did Nicholas II say when he came to power?

“To maintain the principle of autocracy just as firmly and unflinchingly as it was preserved by [his] unforgettable dead father”

How many were trampled to death at his coronation?

1400

What year was there an uprising at a university and how many students were killed/arrested?

1901 - 13 killed and 1500 arrested

When were the years of the red cockerel?

1902-07

How many industrial strikes were there?

90,000 in 1904

When did the Russo-Japanese war start?

1904

When was Bloody Sunday?

9th January 1905

How many died on Bloody Sunday?

150

When was the manifesto?

October

What did Trevor order soldiers to do against striking workers?

“Fire no blanks and spare no bullets”

When was the first Duma?

May-July 1906

Who had the highest seats in the first Duma?

Trudoviks and Kadets

When was the second Duma?

February-June 1907

When was the third Duma?

1907-12

How many of the government proposals did the third Duma sign?

2200/2500

How many times was the third Duma suspended?

Twice in 1911

When was the fourth Duma?

1912-17

What did the new Prime Minister say about the fourth Duma?

“Thank God we still have no parliament”

How many were executed under the guise of ‘political crimes’

3000 from 1906-09

What was the annual growth rate up until the war?

1894-1913 8%

How much did coal increase pre war?

1890 - 183 million puds 1900 - 671 million puds

When was the new rouble introduced?

1897

What was the late 1890s dubbed?

‘Great spurt’

By what year did Russia have what railway?

1905 - 60,000 KM

By what year did Russia have the second largest railway?

1913

What region supplied what percentage of Russia’s coal by 1913?

Donbas region supplied 87%

By 1914 Russia was the world’s largest fourth producer of what?

Coal, pig iron and steel

What was Russia’s foreign aid compared to Britian’s?

190 million, Britain 1223 million

What was two things Stolypin’s land reforms did?

1) 1906 peasants can consolidate strips of land 2) 1907 redemption payments abolished

What did grain production increase by after Stolypin’s land reforms?

1900 - 56 million 1914 - 90 million

By what year was Russia the world’s largest cereal exporter?

1909

How much land had actually been consolidated?

1.3 million/ 5 million

What percentage of land was still farmed in strips?

90%

By 1917 what was the urban population ?

28 million

By 1914 how many people living in St Petersburg were peasant by birth?

3 in every 4

What percentage of households in the city had no running water or sewage?

40%

How many died of Cholera and between what years?

300,000 1908-09

What were two examples of further workers legislation introduced?

1) 1897 working hours reduced to 11 and a half 2) 1892 children under 12 not allowed to work

By 1914 what percentage of children were in full time education?

55%

How many stoppages/strikes were there?

1912-14 3600

In the Lena Goldfields strike how many workers were killed?

270

What percentage of the rural workers were illiterate?

60%

What was the noble assembly called?

‘United nobility’

When was the first all Russian congress of women?

1908

How many newspapers were being published weekly by 1914?

1767

How many political assassinations did the Socialist Revolutionaries carry out?

2000 1901-05

Which groups assassinated Stolypin and when?

1911, the Socialist Revolutionaries

How many SR were sentenced to death?

4500 between 1905-09

How many trade unions were closed down?

1906-10 500

What percentage of enterprise actually experienced a strike?

12%

What percentage of the industrial force in St Petersburg was brought out by the 1914 general strike?

A quarter

What happened to railway production during the war?

1913-16 halved

What happend to rifle production during the war?

It doubled

When was Rasputin assassinated?

December 1916

How many rifles were there per solider in 1914?

2 rifles for every 3 soldiers

How many army desertions were there in 1916?

1.5 million

How many were wounded/ died at the battle of Tannenburg?

300,000

What was banned under the wartime government?

Sale of Vodka

How many workers were on strike in the February 1917 revolution?

250,000

How many soliders joined the striking workers and how many rifles did they arm them with?

66,000 soldiers with 40,000 rifles

When did Nicholas resign?

March 1917

By 1917 what were prices at compared to 1914?

755%

When was the Bolshevik Revolution?

1917