Chapter 11 Test Search and Rescue

During search and rescue operations, which condition should be communicated to crew members and/or supervisors? (453 - 454) [6.3.5, 6.3.9]

A. Fire's cause and area of origin

B. Structure's construction classification

C. Number of responding personnel on the scene

D. Locations of safe havens and alternate exit routes

D

Under normal conditions, air management increases your work time, but if you are lost or trapped, it: (454) [6.3.1, 6.3.5]

A. increases your energy output, along with higher adrenaline levels.

B. increases the amount of time you can survive before escaping or being rescued.

C. decreases the amount of time you can survive before escaping or being rescued.

D. makes little difference because breathing usually becomes erratic in these situations.

B

To be physically and mentally prepared for survival during search and rescue operations, you should: (455) [6.3.1, 6.3.9]

A. push yourself past your limits during training.

B. work in smaller teams that can easily be monitored.

C. practice basic skills and train for the hazards you will encounter.

D. allow the Incident Commander (IC) to look out for your crew members' safety.

C

In order to overcome the psychological effects of obscured vision conditions, you should: (455) [6.3.9]

A. control your breathing.

B. use thermal imagers (TIs).

C. immediately declare a MAYDAY.

D. have your supervisor guide you with vocal commands.

A

Which situation would cause a firefighter to call for a MAYDAY? (456) [6.3.5]

A. An injured occupant

B. Rapid fire development

C. Suspected criminal incident

D. Presence of hazardous materials

B

Interior fire environments that are untenable for unprotected victims: (456) [6.3.1, 6.3.5, 6.3.9]

A. will require tactical ventilation before attempting entry.

B. are considered untenable for firefighters, regardless of PPE.

C. will require air monitoring and the involvement of hazmat specialists.

D. can be tenable for firefighters equipped with full structural PPE and SCBA.

D

Firefighters should identify possible safe havens within the structure in order to have a space: (457) [6.3.5]

A. for medical evaluation and possible decontamination.

B. closed off to the spread of heat, smoke, and toxic gases.

C. closed off to occupants where firefighters can rehabilitate.

D. for incident command and the rapid intervention crew (RIC).

B

In order to regulate air consumption in an IDLH, firefighters should: (457) [6.3.1, 6.3.5]

A. always know how much air they have left.

B. share their SCBA cylinder air with their team members.

C. stay in the IDLH until the low-pressure alarm activates.

D. open the bypass valve once the low-pressure alarm activates.

A

Which would be a time when firefighters should check their SCBA gauges to see how much air is left? (457) [6.3.1]

A. When getting ready to remove SCBA

B. When moving from one area to another

C. Once you are finished with the operation

D. Immediately after entering an IDLH atmosphere

B

Your point of no return must be based on: (458) [6.3.1]

A. how much air you consume.

B. how many members are on the rescue team.

C. the number of people that need to be rescued.

D. the highest cylinder gauge reading of any team member.

A

If leaving a hazard zone because of an air emergency: (458) [6.3.1, 6.3.5]

A. team members should leave together.

B. the team member with less air should leave first.

C. team members should leave the hazard zone at different times.

D. a new team member should swap out with the team member who has the emergency.

A

During an air emergency, firefighters should: (458) [6.3.1, 6.3.5]

A. stay low to the ground.

B. remove their SCBA mask regulator.

C. open the bypass valve immediately.

D. ensure the cylinder valve is only half open to conserve air.

A

When sheltering in place, firefighters should: (459) [6.3.5]

A. remain in the fire compartment.

B. avoid drawing attention to themselves.

C. get to an uninvolved, nearby room if possible.

D. leave the door open to signal to others where they are located.

C

Before entering an IDLH environment, you must: (459) [6.3.9]

A. don the highest level of PPE available.

B. know the number of occupants inside the IDLH area.

C. activate PASS to allow team members to share locations.

D. be aware of the alternate means of egress from the structure.

D

To conduct an effective structural search, firefighters should know the: (460) [6.3.9]

A. age of the building.

B. layout or floor plan of the structure.

C. location of the nearest water supply.

D. time the next apparatus will respond.

B

One advantage of using thermal imagers (TIs) during search and rescue is they can: (461) [6.3.9]

A. locate hidden fires.

B. see through water, glass, or other reflective surfaces.

C. detect a fire in the next lower floor through carpeted floor.

D. detect a person under or behind furniture on the opposite side of a wall.

A

If you encounter fire in a room during a structural search, you should: (462) [6.3.9]

A. attack the fire with a charged hoseline.

B. close the door and report the condition.

C. mark the door with UN/NA-approved symbols.

D. leave the door open to lessen the strength of the fire.

B

During search and rescue operations, rescuers should: (463) [6.3.9]

A. stay low if visibility is limited.

B. immediately find the center of the room.

C. leave doors open of rooms that have been searched.

D. enter a structure, even if survivors are not likely to be found.

A

The priority before any structural search should be: (463) [6.3.9]

A. suppressing the fire.

B. locating and isolating the fire.

C. locating downed or immobile occupants.

D. detecting and disposing of hazardous materials.

B

What is one general method for conducting a search? (464) [6.3.9]

A. Do not search a room that appears to contain a fire.

B. Never exit through the same doorway you used to enter.

C. To remove a victim to safety or exit the building, turn in the same direction you used to enter.

D. When you enter a room, turn right or left and follow the walls until you return to your starting point.

D

When rooms extend from a center hallway during a search: (465) [6.3.9]

A. both sides should be searched.

B. the side closest to the fire should be searched.

C. the doors of any rooms on that side should be opened.

D. the doors of any rooms on the opposite side should be opened.

A

In order to control egress passageways during a search: (465) [6.3.9]

A. completely suppress any fires along the access path.

B. leave the door of the room being searched slightly open.

C. station a firefighter at the door of the room to be searched.

D. open doors to rooms adjacent to the passageway after they are searched.

C

Unless there is heavy smoke or extreme heat, primary searches should: (466) [6.3.9]

A. occur after fire suppression.

B. take the place of secondary searches.

C. be fast, and firefighters should walk when possible.

D. be slow and thorough, and firefighters should stay low.

C

When crawling on stairs during a search: (466) [6.3.9]

A. keep your feet and hands together as close as possible.

B. proceed head first when both ascending and descending.

C. proceed head first while ascending and feet first while descending.

D. turn your body perpendicular to the stairs and proceed sideways up and down the stairs.

C

Why should personnel search behind doors and on the floor below windows? (467) [6.3.9]

A. Visibility and air quality are best in these places.

B. Occupants are most likely to shelter in these places.

C. These areas are not searched during primary searches.

D. Smoke may overcome occupants while they are trying to escape.

D

If smoke obscures your vision during a primary search: (467) [6.3.9]

A. withdraw immediately.

B. report this to the Incident Commander.

C. move objects out of the search area to increase visibility.

D. open adjacent doors or windows to redirect the flow path to a new area.

B

During a structural search, what should you do if you encounter a room that is NOT involved in the fire? (468) [6.3.9]

A. Mark the room as safe for sheltering in place.

B. Leave the door open for easy access to the room.

C. Direct the flow of heat and smoke to the empty room, if possible.

D. Close the door to the room, unless it is being used for ventilation.

D

In which search method does the leader remain at a fixed point, such as a door, wall, or hoseline, while team members spread out through a room to complete a search? (468) [6.3.9]

A. VEIS method

B. Oriented-search method

C. Wide area search method

D. Secondary search method

B

Which search method employs a dedicated search line that all search members must remain in contact with? (468) [6.3.9]

A. VEIS method

B. Oriented-search method

C. Wide area search method

D. Secondary search method

C

In a wide-area search method, markers should be created in the line to indicate: (469) [6.3.9]

A. distance from the fire.

B. distance from the entrance.

C. number of occupants discovered.

D. number of searchers in the room.

B

The use of tether lines during a wide-area search method: (470) [6.3.9]

A. replaces the main search line.

B. is only necessary as a last resort.

C. allow searchers to move away from the search line.

D. allow searchers to search areas parallel to the search line.

C

The VEIS search method is usually chosen as a rescue tactic: (470) [6.3.9]

A. if other search methods are not viable.

B. if conditions are not survivable through interior access.

C. when there are indicators of backdraft or flashover conditions.

D. when there is a credible report of possible victims in survivable areas.

D

The first step of the VEIS method is to vent the room through: (470) [6.3.9]

A. air ducts found in the floor or ceiling.

B. a window while another firefighter enters through the door.

C. a window, and gauge the survivability of the room's environment.

D. through the roof, while another firefighter enters through the door.

C

In the VEIS method, one firefighter enters the room while another firefighter: (470) [6.3.9]

A. stays at the point of entry.

B. closes off the point of entry.

C. identifies a second point of entry.

D. holds a search line at the point of entry.

A

During the VEIS search method, the searching firefighter's first priority once they enter is to: (471) [6.3.9]

A. locate any occupants in the room.

B. locate the door to the room and close it.

C. open all doors and windows to ventilate the room.

D. determine if the environment in the room is survivable.

B

The VEIS search method is: (471) [6.3.9]

A. the first step in a larger structural search.

B. initiated as part of the 360-degree size-up of the structure.

C. a secondary search conducted after a primary search of the structure.

D. only intended for rapid rescue of victims and the isolation of individual rooms.

D

A primary search is intended to: (471) [6.3.9]

A. rapidly determine the location of victims.

B. determine the tenability of the environment.

C. identify any hazardous materials in the location.

D. be a slow thorough search conducted after the fire is under control.

A

In order to conduct a safer and faster primary search, firefighters should: (472) [6.3.9]

A. stay low when searching.

B. always work in teams of two or more.

C. wait until after the fire is under control.

D. move through the search area with a charged hoseline.

B

When are secondary searches conducted? (472) [6.3.9]

A. After the fire is under control

B. Immediately after initial size-up

C. Once victim locations are identified

D. At the same time as primary searches

A

During victim self-evacuation, rescuers may: (473) [6.3.9]

A. shelter in place with the victims.

B. establish a safe haven away from the structure.

C. open stairwell doors to provide multiple exit paths.

D. carry victims to a protected location within the structure.

B

What situation may require sheltering in place? (473) [6.3.9]

A. Victims are likely contaminated.

B. Rapid fire development is about to occur.

C. Victims are incapacitated and cannot be moved.

D. There is an imminent threat of structural collapse.

C

The primary danger in moving injured victims quickly is: (474) [6.3.9]

A. injury to the firefighters moving the victims.

B. the possibility of aggravating a spinal injury.

C. not assessing and treating the injuries before moving the victim.

D. pulling along the axis of the victims' body instead of pulling them sideways.

B

Which type of drag or carry would allow a rescuer to move an unconscious victim up or down a stairway? (474) [6.3.9]

A. Litter carry

B. Incline drag

C. Webbing drag

D. Cradle-in-arms lift/carry

B

Which type of drag or carry would allow a rescuer to continue to stay low because of heat and smoke? (474) [6.3.9]

A. Incline drag

B. Seat/lift carry

C. Webbing drag

D. Cradle-in-arms/lift carry

C

The cradle-in-arms technique is used to carry: (474) [6.3.9]

A. children.

B. deceased victims.

C. unconscious adults.

D. downed firefighters wearing an SCBA.

A

When declaring a MAYDAY, the firefighter should first: (475) [6.2.3]

A. activate their PASS device.

B. deactivate their pass device.

C. attempt to escape to a safe haven.

D. describe the problem and give their location.

D

Once MAYDAY is broadcast: (476) [6.2.3]

A. only radio traffic relating to the MAYDAY is allowed.

B. personnel nearest the downed firefighter must perform the rescue.

C. all members of the initial search team should remain in place while the RIC is dispatched.

D. all members of the initial search team must focus their efforts on rescuing the downed firefighter.

A

When any evacuation signal is given: (477) [6.3.1, 6.3.5]

A. exiting crews must declare a MAYDAY.

B. exiting crews must activate their PASS devices.

C. all units on the scene must give a personnel accountability report (PAR).

D. fire fighting crews must wait to evacuate until all occupants are evacuated.

C

Which action could improve survivability during a MAYDAY situation? (477) [6.3.1, 6.3.5]

A. Staying low to the floor

B. Removing your SCBA regulator

C. Opening doors leading to the fire

D. Running quickly out of the contaminated area

A

What should you do if your SCBA cylinder is empty during a MAYDAY? (478) [6.3.1, 6.3.5]

A. Remove your regulator while leaving the mask intact.

B. Break the seal of your mask and breathe through your protective hood.

C. Break the seal of your mask and cover your mouth and nose with your hand.

D. Remove your mask and take deep breaths, holding each one for 10-15 seconds.

B

Escaping to a safe haven may be the best option when: (478) [6.3.5]

A. it is safer to keep victims inside the structure.

B. there is limited staffing to assist with evacuation.

C. there is an imminent threat of structural collapse.

D. victims are incapacitated and cannot be easily moved.

C

If you are separated from your team during a MAYDAY: (478) [6.3.5]

A. follow the path of the smoke and fire.

B. wait for radio commands of your team leader.

C. wait for voice commands of your crew members.

D. follow the hoseline, search line, or wall in the direction from which you came.

D

When escaping to a safe haven in an area where smoke is dense and low, you may use a duck walk or a ____ during your escape. (479) [6.3.5]

A. fast walk

B. crouched walk

C. low-profile maneuver

D. high-profile maneuver

C

What is one way to locate an exit when attempting to escape to a safe haven? (479) [6.3.5]

A. Crawl along a wall and feel for a window.

B. Crawl along the wall and feel for an open or closed door.

C. Follow the path of the smoke and fire to the nearest opening.

D. Locate a wall, stand up, and reach as high as you can to search for a window.

A

Breaching an interior wall: (479) [6.3.5]

A. must be done with power or hydraulic tools.

B. is much harder than breaching an exterior wall.

C. is the preferred method for escaping to a safe haven.

D. may give you access to a safe haven or room from which you can safely exit.

D

If you become entangled while trying to evacuate a building: (480) [6.3.5]

A. shelter in place until another firefighter finds you.

B. remove your SCBA and cut the wires that entangle you.

C. contact the rapid intervention crew and wait for them to find you.

D. broadcast the situation to the Incident Commander (IC) and attempt to free yourself.

D

The purpose of a rapid intervention crew (RIC) is to: (480) [6.3.9]

A. conduct a primary search.

B. conduct a secondary search.

C. rescue injured or trapped occupants.

D. rescue injured or trapped firefighters.

D

When searching for downed firefighters, the RIC should: (481) [6.3.9]

A. start the search closest to the fire and work outward.

B. move from one room to another as quickly as possible.

C. wear different PPE than the interior fire fighting crew to avoid confusion.

D. maintain as much silence as possible to hear the downed firefighter's PASS device.

D

Tracking devices on an SCBA harness: (482) [6.3.9]

A. should be turned on once a firefighter declares MAYDAY.

B. are always turned on when entering an IDLH atmosphere.

C. are less effective for finding a downed firefighter than PASS devices.

D. may have their signals blocked by walls or floors, making it hard to find downed firefighters.

B

After locating a downed firefighter, the RIC should first: (482) [6.3.9]

A. contact Command.

B. remove the firefighter's SCBA.

C. check the firefighter's air supply.

D. stabilize the firefighter's injuries, if necessary.

C

What is one method for removing a firefighter with nonfunctioning SCBA from a hazardous location? (482) [6.3.9]

A. Connect the firefighter's facepiece to functioning SCBA before removing them.

B. Shelter-in-place with the firefighter until another SCBA cylinder can be provided.

C. Remove the firefighter's SCBA and mask, and quickly remove them from the area.

D. Cover the firefighter's face with your hand or their protective hood to help filter particulates.

A

Firefighters usually perform air monitoring to determine: (483) [6.3.21]

A. if a safe haven will require evacuation.

B. whether an atmosphere at an incident is safe.

C. how many responders can enter the atmosphere at one time.

D. how long they can be in the atmosphere before they need SCBA.

B

Responders using air monitoring devices must: (484) [6.3.21]

A. have hazmat operations certification, at a minimum.

B. use only one type of air-monitoring device at an incident.

C. always operate under the guidance of a hazardous materials technician.

D. use more than one sampling method and technology, whenever possible.

D

An oxygen-deficient and IDLH atmosphere occurs when oxygen levels are below: (485) [6.3.21]

A. 15.1 percent.

B. 19.5 percent.

C. 20.9 percent

D. 23.5 percent.

B

An oxygen-enriched atmosphere: (485) [6.3.21]

A. is no longer considered IDLH.

B. increases the threat of fire and explosion.

C. is much safer for search and rescue operations.

D. will require the use of supplied air, such as SCBA.

B

The purpose of a combustible gas indicator (CGI) is to: (486) [6.3.21]

A. detect oxygen deficiency or enrichment at an incident.

B. measure the percentage of the upper explosive limit (UEL).

C. detect toxic gases, vapors, fumes, and particulates in the atmosphere.

D. measure the amount of flammable vapors and gases in the atmosphere.

D

An atmosphere containing a flammable gas in excess of 10 percent of its _____ is considered hazardous. (486) [6.3.21]

A. parts per million (ppm)

B. lower explosive limit (LEL)

C. upper explosive limit (UEL)

D. autoignition temperature (AIT)

B

Which statement is true of multigas monitors? (488) [6.3.21]

A. They can only be used by hazardous materials technicians.

B. They can detect specific toxic and flammable gases, as well as oxygen concentrations.

C. They typically take too long to detect hazardous materials during a search and rescue operation.

D. They can detect specific toxic and flammable gases, but cannot measure oxygen concentrations.

B

The purpose of a bump test is to: (489) [6.3.21]

A. recalibrate air monitors at an incident.

B. reset a gas detector to factor default settings.

C. test the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.

D. calibrate a gas detector before it is taken to an incident.

D

To stay safe while performing air monitoring: (489) [6.3.21]

A. perform bump tests periodically.

B. approach the hazard area from downwind.

C. monitor for vapors and gases above the head first.

D. work with a buddy and have a back-up team waiting.

D

The AHJ should establish action levels that describe how firefighters should respond to high- or low-level alarms while performing: (490) [6.3.21]

A. ventilation.

B. rehabilitation.

C. air monitoring.

D. MAYDAY operations.

C