What is Life? & Pea Growth in Mars Regolith

Week 4: Monday, September 15th

order is a property of life that can be broken down into _______ and _______

bilateral symmetry and radial symmetry

_______ is a property of life in which reproductive success results from inherited triaits

evolutinary adaptations

_______ is a property of life in which organisms respond to stimuli in the environment

responses to the environment

_______ is a property of life in which reguation of internal levels in relation to the outsid occurs

homeostasis

_______ is a property of life in which energy is obtain and processed

energy processing

_______ is a property of life in which organisms experience gradual changes from embryo to adult

growth and development

_______ is a property of life in which organisms pass genes onto to offspring

reproduction

true or false: viruses are considered alive because they can reproduce/replicate without a host

viruses aren’t considered alive because they can’t reproduce/replicate without a host

_______ claimed evolution occured through _______, adapting to different lifestyles, developing traits that are best suited for inheritance

Charles Darwin, nautural selection

true or false: prokaryotes have a nucleus, but lack a cell membrane, membrane bound organelles; have DNA and ribosomes, but no nucleoid

false. prokaryotes lack a nucleus and cell membrane, membrane bound organelles; have DNA,ribosomes and nucleoid

true or false: animals have no cell wall, but have a cell mmeebrane and nucleus

true

true or false: plants have a cell wall, chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and chlorophyll for pigment

true

carbon molecules assocaited with life are _______, and form bonds with _______

organic molecules, hydrogen

_______ have two sugar molecules attached

glycosidic bond

_______ has a phosphate group attached to a pentose sugar

phosphodiester bond

_______ has 2 or more amino acids

peptide bond

_______ has a glycerol group and 3 fatty acids n triglyceride

ester bond

_______ makes up oxygenic photosynthetic species

bacteria domain

_______ make up hyperthermophilic species

archaea domain

_______ make up anoxygenic photosynthetic species

eukarya domain

_______ are organisms that can survive extreme environments

extremophiles

_______ are extremeophiles that are bacteria and can survive dryness and radiation

deinococcus radiodurans

_______ are extremophiles that cause anthrax, and can survive lack of water, extreme heat/cold, adn toxins

bacteria subtilis

_______ are extremophiles that are animals and can survive a wide range of environments (extremotolerant)

tardigrades

true or false: essential plant nutrients are found in Martian soil, but in low amounts so fertliizer is needed for plant growth

true

_______ is a macronutrient for plants what is a key component in chlorophyll and vegetative growth, and a constitutent of nucleic acids

nitrogen (N)

_______ is a macronutrient for plants that regulates osmosis and enzyme activities, and stomata regulation

potassium (K)

_______ is a macronutrient for plants that is a constituent of nucleic acids, photosynthesis, cell division, and root growth and flowering

phosphorus (P)

_______ is a micronutrient for plants that is a constutient of RNA polymerase; component ribosome and their structural integrity

zinc (Zn)

_______ is a micronutrient for plants that generates chrlorophyll, activates photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and symbiotic nitrogen fixation

iron (Fe)

_______ is a micronutrient for plants that controls growth adn development, and assitsin chlorophyll generation

manganese (Mn)

_______ is a micronutrient for plants that differentiates plant meristem cells

boron (B)

_______ is a micronutrient for plants that controls charge compensation an osmoregulation

chlorine (Cl)

_______ is a micronutrient for plants that is an enzyme actovator, electrol transport; energy captue; and protein synthesis

copper (Cu)

_______ is a micronutrient for plants that is a cofactor for enzymes

molybdenum (Mo)

fabaceae (legumes) have symbiotic relationships (Rhizobia/um) with soil bacteria to fix _______

nitrogen

true or false: the symbiotic relationship between fabaceae and soil bacteria creates a _______, where various form of nitrogenase forms with metal cofactors

nitrogenous enzyme complex