Treatment of Psychological Disorders

These flashcards cover various forms of psychotherapy, biological treatments, medications, and effectiveness research for psychological disorders.

Psychotherapy

A therapeutic process for treating mental health issues through communication.

Behavior Therapy

A type of psychotherapy that uses conditioning to modify behaviors.

Cognitive Therapy

A form of psychotherapy that focuses on changing distorted thinking patterns.

Psychodynamic Therapy

Therapy based on exploring unconscious processes and past experiences.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A combination of cognitive and behavior therapies to address behaviors and thoughts.

Exposure Therapy

A behavior therapy for anxiety that gradually exposes patients to feared stimuli.

Systematic Desensitization

A treatment for phobias that involves creating a fear hierarchy.

Electro-convulsive Therapy (ECT)

A biological treatment that involves electrical stimulation to treat severe depression.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

A technique that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells for depression.

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)

A method of treating disorders by implanting electrodes in the brain.

Anxiolytic Medication

Drugs used to treat anxiety, often addictive and not addressing root causes.

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

A class of antidepressants commonly used to treat depression and OCD.

Lithium

A mood stabilizer used in bipolar disorder treatment with potential side effects.

Atypical Antipsychotics

Medications that treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with fewer side effects.

Behavioral Reinforcement

Positive or negative outcomes that encourage or discourage certain behaviors.

Cognitive Restructuring

The process of changing maladaptive thought patterns.

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy

A therapeutic approach incorporating mindfulness to prevent relapse.

Phototherapy

Light therapy used to treat seasonal affective disorder.

Research on Treatment Effectiveness

The study of how well different treatments work for psychological disorders.

Randomized Control Trials

Experimental studies that compare a new treatment against a control group.

Placebo Effect

Improvement due to the belief in the effectiveness of a treatment.

Positive Reinforcement

The addition of a reward following a behavior to encourage its recurrence.

Modeling

Learning behavior by observing and imitating others.

Vicarious Learning

Learning that occurs by observing the actions of others.

Compulsion

A repetitive behavior driven by an obsession, commonly seen in OCD.

Fear Hierarchy

A ranked list of fears used in exposure therapy to gradually confront fears.

Rational-Emotive Therapy

A therapeutic approach focusing on uncovering irrational beliefs.

Side Effects

Unintended symptoms or reactions caused by medication treatment.

Psychological Treatment

Various forms of therapy aimed at addressing mental health issues.

Empirically Backed Treatments

Treatments supported by research evidence demonstrating their effectiveness.

Negative Symptoms

Symptoms of schizophrenia that reflect a decrease in function.

Positive Symptoms

Symptoms of schizophrenia that include excess or distortion of normal functions.

Cognitive Distortions

Errors in thinking that contribute to negative emotions.

Interpersonal Therapy

A treatment that focuses on interpersonal relationships to improve mental health.

Agoraphobia

An anxiety disorder where one fears situations that might cause panic.

OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)

An anxiety disorder characterized by recurring obsessions and compulsions.

Behavior Modification

The use of behavioral science to change undesirable behaviors.

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

A type of depression related to changes in seasons.

Seizure

A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain.

Therapeutic Effects of TMS

Positive impacts of transcranial magnetic stimulation on mental health.

Neural Function

The activity or operation of the brain's nerve cells.

Cognitive-Behavioral Techniques

Methods used in CBT to alter maladaptive thoughts and behaviors.