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What type of RNA carries the DNA message out of the nucleus to the ribosomes?
mRNA
tRNA
RNA
DNA
mRNA
What do we call the process of turning DNA into mRNA?
Translation
Transcription
Replication
Transcription
When DNA is transcribed to RNA....
A pairs with U
C pairs with U
A pairs with T
C pairs with T
A pairs with U
When the RNA gets to the ribosomes, which molecule transfers to the mRNA to amino acids?
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
Replicated RNA
tRNA
Amino acids are the building blocks of...
DNA
RNA
Atoms
Proteins
Proteins
What is a Codon?
4 base pairs that transfer to amino acids
3 base pairs that transfer to amino acids
3 base pairs that transfer to DNA
3 base pairs that transfer to mRNA
3 base pairs that transfer to amino acids
When transferring tRNA to amino acids, the process cannot begin until it reaches a...
Beginning codon
Start codon
Initiator codon
Anticodon
Start codon
What process is occurring in this photo?
Transcription
DNA unwinding
Translation
Transfer RNA is creating bases
Translation
What process is occurring in this photo?
Transcription
Translation
mRNA is matching with amino acids
tRNA is transcribing the DNA
Transcription
In transcription, A pairs with
U
G
A
T
U
The job of tRNA is to...
carry amino acids to the ribosomes
carry ribosomes to the ER
carry mRNA out of the nucleus
carry glucose to mitochondria
carry amino acids to the ribosomes
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA?
Met-Pro-Val-Stop
Met-Pro-Arg-Stop
Tyr-Gly-His
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
Met-Pro-Val-Stop
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
contains ribose
made of amino acids
contains Uracil
double helix
double helix
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of:
Uracil
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription?
AUGCUU
ATGCTT
GCATCC
GCAUCC
AUGCUU
Where in the cell does Translation occur?
Proteins
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
During translation, RNA is changed and converted to proteins
True
False
False
All of the following are non-coding regions of DNA except
promoters
introns
telomeres
exons
exons
In transcription, the information in _____is transcribed
all your DNA
a gene
a protein
RNA
a gene
After transcription, what is added to the pre-mRNA
proteins
DNA
poly AAAA- tail
Guanine Cap at 5' end
poly AAAA- tail
Guanine Cap at 5' end
RNA polymerase task is to
add DNA nucleotides onto one end, using 1 strand as a template
add RNA nucleotides onto one end, using 1 strand as a template
add DNA nucleotides onto one end, using 2 strand as a template
add RNA nucleotides onto one end, using 2 strand as a template
add RNA nucleotides onto one end, using 1 strand as a template
The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is
complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.
complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA.
the part of tRNA that bonds with a specific amino acid.
catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme.
complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription?
AUGCUU
ATGCTT
GCATCC
GCAUCC
AUGCUU
Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Rough E.R.
Nucleus
The parts of a gene that do NOT code for amino acids in a protein are called
introns
exons
codons
anticodons
introns
Translation occurs:
Outside of the Nucleus
Inside of the Nucleus
Outside of the Nucleus
Translation is performed by:
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Golgi Bodies
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Which process is shown?
diffusion
repiration
recombination
translation
translation
The anticodon is located on
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
tRNA
Smaller segments of RNA nucleotides that transport amino acids to the ribosomes.
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
DNA
tRNA
The small & large sub units of a ribosome attach to the _____
beginning of the mRNA
stop codon
promoter region
at amino acid methionine
beginning of the mRNA
The ribosomes, continues to read the mRNA from the one end to another , tRNA bring the amino acids making peptide bonds this stage is called
initiation
elongation
termination
elongation
The ribosomes, continues to read the mRNA from the from 1 end to another, tRNA bring the amino acids making peptide bonds until the ribosomes reach the stop codons and the ribosomes from the mRNA, this process is called
initiation
elongation
termination
termination
At the ribosomes, amino acids are joined together with a ____bond
ionic
hydrogen
sugar phosphate
peptide
peptide
What is the role of rRNA
it makes RNA
it is a component of ribosomes
it is a component of tRNA
it is an pre-mRNA
it is a component of spliceosomes
it is a component of ribosomes
A tRNA is an RNA molecule with what 2 parts
codon
anticodon
amino acid
DNA
ribosomes
anticodon
amino acid
Assuming there is no stop codons, if there are 24 codons, how many amino acids will be in the completed chain
24
8
72
24
Assuming there is no stop codons, if there are 24 Nucleotide bases, how many amino acids will be in the completed chain
24
8
72
8
Based on the genetic code, which codons will the following peptide chain: methionine-proline-lysine
** more than 1
AUG-CCC-AAA
AUG-CGC-AGA
AUG--CCA-AAG
AUG-CCU-AAG
AUG-CCC-AAA
AUG--CCA-AAG
AUG-CCU-AAG
Based on the genetic code, which DNA will the following peptide chain: methionine-proline-lysine
hint find mRNA then DNA
AUG-CCC-AAA
TAC-GGG-TTT
AUG--CCA-AAG
TAC-CCC-TTT
TAC-GGG-TTT
Based on the genetic code, what are the stop codons; choose all
AUG
UAA
UAG
UGA
TCG
UAA
UAG
UGA
DNA is converted into RNA in transcription
True
False
False
During transcription, only 1 strand is used as a template
True
False
True
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
4
2
6
12
4
What is occurring in this picture?
Translation
Replication
Translocation
Transcription
Transcription
Which of the following statements is true?
DNA is single-stranded
RNA is single-stranded
DNA contains uracil
RNA contains deoxyribose
RNA is single-stranded
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
RNA contains uracil in place of cytosine
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
Amino acids are the building blocks of...
DNA
RNA
Atoms
Proteins
Proteins
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
sugar, phosphate, protein
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
How many nucleotides equal make up a codon?
1
2
3
4
3
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______.
cytosine
adenine
guanine
thymine
adenine
Where does transcription take place in PROKARYOTIC cells?
nucleus
cytoplasm
ribosome
cytoplasm
What is the difference between the sugar in DNA and RNA?
In DNA, the sugar is Deoxyribose while in RNA the sugar is Ribose
In DNA, the sugar is Ribose while in RNA the sugar is Deoxyribose
In DNA, it is a 5 carbon sugar while in RNA it is only a 4 carbon sugar.
There is no difference between the sugars
In DNA, the sugar is Deoxyribose while in RNA the sugar is Ribose
Where does RNA polymerase know where to start copying down instructions in the DNA molecule?
By looking for Promotors in the code to signal to start copying
By looking for Stop Codes in the code to signal to start copying
It doesn't matter where it starts, it will find it.
mRNA signals to the RNA polymerase where to start
By looking for Promotors in the code to signal to start copying
