Medical terminology quiz 2

acute

having a short and relatively severe course

antibiotic

antimicrobial agents that are derived from cultures of a microorganism or produced semisynthetically and used to treat infections

antimicrobial

drugs that destroy or inhibit the growth of microbes

blood pressure

The pressure that is exerted by the circulating volume of the blood on the walls of the arteries and veins and on the chambers of the heart

cannula

Latin term that means a hollow, flexible tube that is inserted into vessels or cavities

catheter

a hollow, flexible tube that can be inserted into a body cavity to withdraw or instill fluids, perform tests, or visualize a vessel or cavity

Catheterization

introduction of a catheter

chronic

disease exists over a long time

Computed Radiography (CR)

image data are converted to electronic signals, digitized, and immediately displayed on a monitor or recorded on film

diagnosis

identification of a disease or condition by a scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, tests, and procedures

diastolic pressure

occurs when the ventricles are relaxed;

pressure when the heart is at rest

lower reading

endoscopy

visual inspection of the body by means of an endoscope

fluroscopy

visual examination of an internal organ using a fluoroscope

invasive procedure

requires entry of a body cavity or interruption of normal body function

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

creates images of internal structures based on the magnetic properties of chemical elements within the body and uses a powerful magnetic field and radio wave pulses rather than ionizing radiation such as x-rays

narcotic

pertaining to a substance that produces insensibility or stupor

neoplasm

new growth (tumor)

pharmaceutical

medicinal drugs

positron emission tomography (PET)

a type of nuclear medicine scan, combines computed tomography and radioactive substances to produce enhanced images of selected body structures, especially the heart, blood vessels, and the brain

prognosis

predicted outcome of the disease

pulse

The rhythmic expansion of an artery that occurs as the heart beats

radiation oncology

is a type of radiation therapy

radiograph

x-ray image

radiography

predominant means of diagnostic imaging for many years, with x-rays providing film images of internal structures

radiologic

relating to medical imaging using x-rays, ionizing radiation, nuclear magnetic resonance, or ultrasound

Radiolucent

describes substances that readily permit the passage of x-rays

radiopaque

substances that do not permit the passage of x-rays

Radiopharmaceuticals

are used to treat certain cancers or tissue hyper functions and also to assess internal functions.

Radiotherapy

The treatment of tumors using radiation to destroy cancer cells

remission

Whether spontaneous or the result of therapy, is the disappearance of the characteristics of a malignant tissue

respiration

refers either to the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body or to breathing

sign

objective, or definitive, evidence of an illness or disordered function that is perceived by an examiner

sonogram

record produced by ultrasonography

Sonography

process of imaging deep structures of the body by sending and receiving high frequency sound waves that are reflected back as echoes from tissue interfaces

specimen

a small sample or part taken from the body to represent the nature of the whole

stethoscope

an instrument consisting of two earpieces connected by flexible tubing

The diaphragm is placed against the patient's skin to hear sounds within the body

symptom

subjective evidence of a disease perceived by the patient, such as pain or a headache

systolic pressure

Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles.

Higher reading

therapeutic

pertaining to therapy

tomogram

picture made by a tomograph

toxic

poisonous

Ultrasonography

process of imaging deep structures of the body by sending and receiving high frequency sound waves that are reflected back as echoes from tissue interfaces

Ultrasound

Sound waves with frequencies above the normal human range of hearing

abdomen

Portion of the trunk located between the chest and the pelvis

abscess

a localized collection of pus in a cavity surrounded by healthy tissue

Adhesion

ambulant

person who is able to walk

Anaphylaxis

Severe allergic reaction

may include generalized itching, difficulty breathing, airway obstruction and shock

anaplasia

anatomic position

the position a person is in while standing erect with the arms at the sides and the palms forward

anemia

a condition in which the number of red blood cells or the concentration of hemoglobin (or both) is decreased

anterior

nearer to or toward the front, ventral

aplasia

lack of development of an organ or tissue

ascites

benign

favorable for recovery and does not tend to spread

calculi

stones or concretions

caudad

caudal

toward the tail

prone

lying face down

proximal

nearer to the origin or point of attachment

Recumbent

lying down

sagittal plane

divides body into left and right sides

spinal

pertaining to the spine

cephalad

Coagulation

The transformation of blood from a liquid to a solid occurs when blood is removed from the body

cranial

head

diaphroesis

profuse sweating

Diaphragm

distal

far or distant from the origin or point of attachment

dorsal

directed toward or situated on the back surface

external

outside

hematoma

localized collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, tissue, or space resulting from a break in the wall of a blood vessel

hemodialysis

process of diffusing blood through a semipermeable membrane to remove toxic materials from the bodies of persons with impaired kidney function

Homeostasis

A constant internal environment that is naturally maintained by the body

Hyperplasia

an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in tissue

Hypertrophy

An increase in the size of an organ caused by an increase in the size of existing cells rather than the number of cells

hypoplasia

underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or body

less severe than aplasia

immunity

The body's ability to counteract the effect of infectious organisms

Superior

uppermost or above

Supination

turning the palm upward

supine

lying on the back

thoracic

thorax

the chest

immunodeficiency

disease are caused by a defect in the immune system and are characterized by a susceptibility to infections and chronic diseases

inferior

lowermost or below

Inflammation

a protective response of body tissue that increases circulation to an area after irritation or injury

Inguinal

internal

inside, within

lateral

toward the side, denoting a position farther from the midline of the body

malignant

tending to grow worse, spread, and possibly become lifethreatning

medial

middle or nearer in the middle

Metastasis

spreading from one part of the body to another part

midsagittal plane

divides the body into equal left and right halves

pallor

paleness

pelvis

lower portion of the body trunk

plantar

the sole, or undersurface of the foot

posterior

nearer to or toward the back

pronation

turning the palm downward

torso

the trunk of the human body

includes the chest, the abdomen and pelvis

transverse plane

divides the body into upper and lower portions