Y10 S2 Physics

force

force

the push or pull of an object.

types of force

contact and non-contact forces

types of contact forces

friction, normal, tension, applied force, air resistance, spring force.

types of non-contact forces

gravitational, electrostatic, magnetic.

applied force

An applied force is a push or pull applied to an object by a person or another object.

tension

the pulling force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or chain when pulled on opposite ends.

normal force

the supporting push a surface applies to an object in contact with it.

air resistance

a type of frictional force that opposes the motion of an object moving through the air.

friction

friction is the force that resists movement when two surfaces rub against each other.

-ve

negative

+ve

positive

north

+ve, upwards

east

+ve, rightsou

south

-ve, downwards

west

-ve, left

perpendicular

90 degrees

Ff

frictionFn

Fn

normal force

Fg

gravitational force

Fw

weight

Fs

spring force

Fk

kinetic friction

Fd

air resistance/drag

Fa/Fapp

applied force

types of friction

sliding, static, fluid, rolling.

factors affecting friction

surface, lubrication, material properties, normal force

Force

The push or pull upon an object resulted from the interaction from another object.

Inertia

Causes an object to resist changes to its current state of motion.

Acceleration

The change in velocity (speed or direction).

Speed

The measure of how fast an object is moving.

A car speeds up. What happens to the forces?

Acceleration and thrust.

A box is not moving. What can you say about the forces?

Gravity

Net force

The total of all of the forces.

Formula for force

Force (N) = mass (m) x acceleration (g)

Common types of forces

Applied force, normal forces, friction, air resistance, pushing force, tension

Pushing force

An external effort applied to an object that moves away from the source of force or changes its motion.

Tension

Force in a rope, cable, or string, when pulled tightly.

Newton’s first law of motion

Inertia

Newton’s second law of motion

Acceleration, F = m*a

Newton’s third law of motion

Action and reaction forces.

Formula for weight (w)

w = mass*gravity(m/s)

Normal force (N)

The support force from the surface.

Weight

The downwards force that is always present.

Applied force

Any push or pull from a person or an object and can cause acceleration if unbalanced.

Friction

Opposite direction of motion or attempted motion.

friction causation

Caused by surfaces rubbing together.

When does tension only work?

When the rope is taut, not slack.

Scalar

A quantity or measurement defined by its magnitude.

Scalar vs Vector

Scalar is described the magnitude alone (size or amount), while vector quantities are described by both magnitude and distance

Distance (d)

The distance an object travels is the amount of ground it covers between two points.

Unit for distance (d)

(m)

Is distance scalar or vector?

d = scalar

Scalar examples

Mass, temperature, volume, time, distance, and speed.

Vector examples

Displacement (△x), velocity (v), acceleration (a), force (f), momentum (p).

Acceleration formula

(final velocity - inital velocity)/2 | (v-u)/2