Sedative, stimulant, and opioids

what are examples of sedatives:

• benzodiazepines

• barbiturates

• sedative hypnotics

what is sedative intoxication similar too?

alcohol intoxication

and withdrawal is similar to alcohol withdrawal

stimulant disorder examples:

• amphetamines

• cocaine

• caffeine

• nicotine

• synthetic stimulants

what happens if someone is intoxicated with stimulants:

everything is going to elevated “dilated pupils*

what is severe intoxication examples:

• psychosis

• violent behavior

what does cocaine do to the body:

• coronary artery spasm

• chest pain

• seizures

• death

stimulant withdrawal:

• fatigue

• headache

• cramps

• nightmares

• depression

• irritability

what may patients need during this time:

• low stimulating environment

• suicide precautions

• treat for depression

opioids

sedation + analgesia + euphoria

possible intoxication findings with opioids:

• drowsiness

• pinpoint pupils

• slurred speech

overdose on opioids can cause:

• resp depression

• unconsciousness

• coma

• death

treatments for opioid withdrawal:

• naloxone

• naltrexone

what do we give patients during this time:

• rest'

• nutrition

• methadone

• buprenorphine

• clonidine

• lofexidine