EDP 350G – Exam 1 Study Guide

Flashcards covering key concepts from lectures on the myths of adolescence, theoretical frameworks, biological, cognitive, and social transitions, brain development, and risk/reward dynamics.

Hall's concept of 'Storm & Stress' in adolescence is characterized by emotional volatility, conflict with parents, and __ behavior.

risk

The myth that adolescence always equals turmoil is countered by the reality that most teens adjust well, demonstrating significant _.

variability

Margaret Mead's cross-cultural studies highlighted the role of __ in shaping adolescence, noting a smoother transition in Samoa.

culture

The __ View posits that adolescence is a modern social construction, influenced by factors like child labor laws and compulsory education.

Inventionist

The __ framework for studying adolescence emphasizes puberty as a key factor.

Biosocial

According to Erikson's organismic framework, adolescence is characterized by the stage of Identity vs. .

Role Confusion

Bandura's Theory, part of the learning framework, highlights modeling and reinforcement.

Social Learning

Mannheim's sociological framework introduces the concept of __ shifts and intergenerational conflict.

generational

Bronfenbrenner's __ Systems Theory describes the interconnected layers of environmental influence on development.

Ecological

Puberty is initiated by the activation of the __ Axis, which leads to hormonal changes.

HPG

The describes the earlier onset of puberty across generations, often due to improved nutrition and health.

Secular Trend

The average age for menarche in girls in the U.S. is approximately __ years.

12.5

Early-maturing girls are at an increased risk for depression, eating disorders, and __.

delinquency

A common sleep pattern in adolescence is __, where teens naturally want to go to bed and wake up later.

delayed phase preference

__ is an eating disorder characterized by restriction, an intense fear of weight gain, and low body weight.

Anorexia

Piaget's stage of begins around age 11 and is marked by abstract thought and hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

Formal Operations

Elkind's concept of adolescent __ includes the Imaginary Audience and the Personal Fable.

egocentrism

Vygotsky's theory includes the of __, which describes the range of tasks too difficult for a child to master alone but that can be learned with guidance.

Zone of Proximal Development

__ in Vygotsky's theory refers to the support given to a learner within their Zone of Proximal Development.

Scaffolding

The __ posits that thinking involves both automatic (heuristic) and controlled (analytic) processes.

Dual Process Model

The is the part of the brain responsible for planning, self-control, and decision-making, maturing around the mid-20s.

prefrontal cortex

The is associated with emotion and reward sensitivity and matures earlier than the prefrontal cortex.

limbic system

refers to the process where unused brain synapses are eliminated, leading to increased neural efficiency.

Synaptic Pruning

The explains risky behavior in adolescence as a result of cognitive maturity preceding psychosocial maturity.

Maturity Gap

peaks in mid-adolescence and involves a desire for novel and intense experiences.

Sensation Seeking

In the Accelerator vs. Brakes Model of risk-taking, the __ drive is said to precede prefrontal control.

limbic

A is an offense, such as truancy or running away, that is illegal only because of the individual's age.

status offense

Jeffrey Arnett's concept of describes the period from 18-25 as one of identity exploration, instability, and feeling in-between.

Emerging Adulthood

The Supreme Court case v. (2005) ruled that the death penalty is unconstitutional for individuals under the age of 18.

Roper, Simmons

of is the ability to understand others' mental states, beliefs, and intentions, and to take their perspective.

Theory of Mind

Adolescents increasingly distinguish between moral issues and or recognized social norms for fairness and order.

social conventions

Adolescents often show heightened susceptibility to __ influence, especially in group settings which can increase risk-taking.

peer